不同基质对秦岭高山杜鹃生长及生理特性的影响

摘要

The effects of different substrates on the growth and physiological characteristics of Rhododendron lapponicum seedlings in the Qinling Mountain were explored through pot experiment. The results showed that:among six kinds of substrates, the substrate 1 (peat:vermiculite=1: 1)had the best effects on the growth of R. lapponicum seedlings,followed by the substrate 4,the substrate 5,the substrate 3,the substrate 2,and the substrate 6 in order. In comparison with the growth and physiological indexes before the treatment,the plant height of R. lapponicum seedlings in the substrate 1 was increased by 66.7%,and the leaf chlorophyll content and root vitality were enhanced. In the substrate 1,the activity of SOD and POD in leaves was significantly dif-ferent from that before seedling recovering,the content of soluble protein in leaves was increased by 35.8% as compared with that before seedling recovering,and the accumulation of MDA in leaves was effectively retarded. Therefore,the substrate 1 (peat:ver-miculite=1: 1)was the suitable and fine substrate for the pot cultivation of R. lapponicum seedlings in the Qinling Mountain.%为探讨不同基质对秦岭高山杜鹃生长及生理特性的影响,以秦岭高山杜鹃幼苗为试材,通过添加不同基质进行盆栽试验,测定分析生长指标和生理生化指标.结果表明:通过6种不同的基质栽培高山杜鹃幼苗,基质1即泥炭和蛭石(1:1)处理效果最佳,其次是基质4、基质5、基质3、基质2,基质6处理效果最差.在基质1上,植物株高相比处理前增加了66.7%;整个试验过程叶片无黄化和掉叶现象,进而增加其叶绿素含量,增强了根系活力;高山杜鹃叶片中的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)活性与缓苗之前存在显著性差异(P<0.05);可溶性蛋白质的含量相比于缓苗前提高了35.8%,并有效减缓了高山杜鹃丙二醛(MDA)含量的积累.因此,基质1即泥炭和蛭石(1:1)为适于秦岭高山杜鹃盆栽的优良基质配方.