烤烟烟叶物理特性与气象因子关系研究

摘要

为了探索烟叶物理特性与烤烟生产大田期气象因素的关系，以我国13个典型植烟区域烤烟的3个部位样品为研究对象，运用广义可加模型对烟叶物理特性和气象因子之间的关系进行了研究分析，结果表明：日照百分率、日降水量≥0．1 mm日数、平均相对湿度、极端最高气温、极端最低气温对烟叶叶面密度有重要影响。就部位而言，上部叶叶面密度对大田期的降水量比中下部烟叶更为敏感。平均最高气温、平均最低气温、极端最高气温、平均气压、平均水汽压和平均风速对烟叶填充值有重要影响，中部叶的填充值与日降水量≥0．1 mm日数关系显著；极端最高气温、平均最高气温和平均温度对含梗率有重要影响，同时日降水量≥0．1 mm日数对中上部烟叶的含梗率也有显著的影响。就部位而言，上部叶含梗率受气象因素影响相对较弱。%Taking 3 different leaf-positions of tobacco leaf samples from 13 typical tobacco-planting areas of China as the studied objects, the author analyzed the relationship between field meteorological factors and physical properties of flue-cured to-bacco leaves by using general additive model ( GAM) .The results indicated that the foliage density of tobacco leaves was influ-enced significantly by sunshine percentage, number of days with daily rainfall over 0.1 mm, average relative humidity, extreme maximum air temperature, and extreme minimum air temperature.Furthermore, the foliage density of upper leaves was more sen-sitive to the rainfall in tobacco growth period than that of middle and lower leaves .The average maximum air temperature , average minimum air temperature, extreme maximum air temperature, average air pressure, average vapor pressure, and average wind speed had an important impact on the filling power of tobacco leaves , and there was a significant correlation between the filling power of middle leaves and the number of days with daily rainfall over 0.1 mm.The extreme maximum air temperature, average maximum air temperature, and average air temperature had an important impact on the vein ratio of tobacco leaves , and the num-ber of days with daily rainfall over 0.1 mm also had a significant effect on the vein ratio of upper and middle leaves.The vein ratio of upper leaves was affected more weakly by the meteorological factors than that of middle and lower leaves .