鲜食大豆农艺性状鉴定及通径分析

摘要

In order to select vegetable soybean with good quality and provide a reference for breeding,agronom-ic traits,physical and chemical indicators of Jinxiandou 3hao,Jinxiandou 4hao,2013-99,Tai 75,95-1 were meas-ured and compared,and correlation between the seed weight per plant and agronomic traits was analyzed. The results showed that 5 kinds of vegetable soybean varieties of pods with 1-2 seeds,plant height,100 seeds weight,100 pods weight,seed weight per plant,protein,glucose,cooking loses had significantly correlations. The seed weight per plant was positively correlated with plant height,node number,100 seeds weight,100 pods weight,pods on stem,pods with 1-3 seeds,and negatively with plant height initial node of branch. Pods with 1-2 seeds and plant height had main effects on seed weight per plant. Established method of yield prediction was found to closely fit results of the model both in theory and practice,which was suitable for the vegetable soybean yield prediction. After comparing 5 kinds of vegetable soybean,Jinxiandou 3hao was the most suitable kind of vegetable soybean grown in the Tianjin area.%对近年选育的津鲜豆3号、津鲜豆4号、2013-99、台75、95-1这5个鲜食大豆品种的农艺性状、理化指标进行测定分析和比较,并对鲜食大豆鲜荚产量与主要农艺性状指标进行相关分析,为筛选出较好的鲜食大豆品种及其品质育种提供参考。结果表明,5个鲜食大豆品种的二粒荚数、一粒荚数、株高、节数、百粒鲜质量、百荚质量、单株荚重、蛋白质、葡萄糖、蒸煮损失率均存在显著差异,单株荚重与株高、节数、百粒鲜质量、百荚质量、单株荚数、一粒荚数、二粒荚数和三粒荚数呈极度正相关,与结荚高度呈负相关。鲜食大豆的鲜荚产量主要影响因素为二粒荚数、一粒荚数和株高,建立的相关产量预测模型的理论结果与实际结果有较好的拟合性,适合用于鲜食大豆的产量预测。综合比较认为,津鲜豆3号为最适宜天津地区种植的鲜食大豆品种。