采用样方法对施肥处理的玛曲高寒沙化草地进行了生态位特征的调查,计算了主要植物的重要值、生态位宽度和生态位重叠值.结果表明:对玛曲高寒沙化草地施肥第2年后,草地优势种为异针茅(Stipa aliena Keng),其重要值平均为0.31.高山唐松草(Thalictrum alpinumL.)生态位宽度为0.993,具有最大的竞争力,生态适应性较强,是草地的主要杂草.最大的生态位重叠发生在矮蔗草(Scirpus pumilus Vahl)和乳浆大戟(Euphorbia esula L.)之间,生态位重叠值为0.995;其次是异针茅与高山唐松草之间,生态位重叠值为0.993.施肥使禾草类生长旺盛,杂草类的优势地位逐渐失去.%This study investigated the primary plant species in Maqu alpine desertification meadows using the quadrat sampling method. Specifically, the importance value, niche breadth and niche overlap of the species were reported. Results showed that Stipa aliena Keng was a dominant species of Maqu alpine desertification meadow after fertilization for two years with an average importance value was 0. 31. The major weed was Thalictrum alpinum L. With the largest niche breadth (0. 993) and also showed the greatest competitive ability and ecological adaptability. The biggest niche overlap value was 0. 995 occurred between Scirpus pumilus Vah1 and Euphorbia esula L.. The niche overlap value between Stipa aliena Keng and Thalictrum alpinum L. Was 0. 993 ranked as second highest. Fertilization enhanced gramineous grasses growth, causing forb weeds to gradually lose dominance in Maqu alpine desertified meadow.
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