中度盐碱化草地混播牧草替代玉米青贮对绵羊生产性能的影响

摘要

为研究中度盐碱化草地混播牧草对绵羊采食量、日增重和屠宰性能的影响,试验选用24只3月龄、体重(23.1±0.62) kg的德国肉用美利奴杂交一代绵羊,随机分为4组,对照组饲喂精料补充料十玉米(Zea mays)青贮,处理Ⅰ,Ⅱ和Ⅲ组在对照日粮基础上分别以中度盐碱化草地混播牧草(披碱草(Elymus dahuricus)、碱茅(Puccinellia distans)和沙打旺(Astragalus adsurgens))替代1/3,2/3和3/3玉米青贮,每只羊精料补充料日喂600 g,粗饲料自由采食.结果表明:处理Ⅰ,Ⅱ和Ⅲ组的有机物、干物质、酸性洗涤纤维、中性洗涤纤维采食量均显著高于对照组(P＜0.05)；处理Ⅰ和Ⅱ组的日增重虽略高于对照组,但差异不显著；处理Ⅱ和Ⅲ组的饲料转化率显著高于对照组；各处理组绵羊屠宰体重、胴体重、屠宰率、净肉率、胴体出肉率、肉骨比、眼肌面积均较对照显著提高(P＜0.05).因此,中度盐碱化草地混播牧草替代玉米青贮可以增加绵羊的采食量,提高绵羊的屠宰性能,并以处理Ⅰ和Ⅱ组的效果较理想.%The effects of grass-mixtures cultivated in moderate alkali-saline grasslands on feed intake, average daily gain and slaughter performance of sheep were evaluated. Twenty-four first filial generations (F1) sire of cross-breeds sheep (Chinese Inner Mongolian Fine-wool X German Mutton Merino) with 3-month-old and 23. ±0. 62 kg body weight (BW) were randomly arranged into four groups. Concentrate supplement and corn silage were designed as control diet. Using the grass-mixtures of Elymus dahuricus, Puc-cinellia distans and Astragalus adsurgens cultivated in moderate alkali-saline grasslands as 1/3, 2/3 and 3/3 corn silage substitute base on control diet were designed as treatment Ⅰ , Ⅱand Ⅲ diets. Sheep were fed 600 g daily plus adlibitum. Results showed that the organic matter intake, dry matter, acid detergent fiber and neutral detergent fiber of treatment Ⅱ sheep were significantly higher than that of control; The average daily gains of treatments I and Ⅱ sheep were higher than that of control; The feed conversion ratios of treatment Ⅱand Ⅲ sheep were significantly higher than that of control (P<0. 05). The slaughter weight, dressing percentage, carcass weight, meat weigh, meat percentage, meat-carcass ratio, meat-bone ratio, and eye muscle area of sheep fed with grass mixtures of moderate alkali-saline grasslands were improved significantly compared with one fed with control diet (P<0. 05). These results indicated that feed intake and slaughter performance could be improved when sheep fed with the mixed-grass of moderate alkali-saline grasslands substituting silage corn. Therefore, using the grass-mixtures of moderate alkali-saline grasslands as 1/3 ~ 2/3 corn silage substitute could obtain a better effect of production.