基于人格特征的心理护理对食管癌手术患者心理状况的影响

摘要

Objective :To observe the postoperative psychological changes in patients with esophageal cancer undergone mental nursing on personality characteristics basis for evidence of such mental nursing and psychotherapy. Methods: One hundred and eighty-two esophageal cancer patients were randomly allocated to the control group and the experimental group in sequence of doctors office visiting. The control group received conventional psychological nursing and psychotherapy, whereas the experimental group were given mental nursing and therapy on personality characteristics basis. Two groups were analyzed and compared concerning the psychological changes. Results:The experimental group were improved a lot regarding the scoring on factors of depression, anxiety and phobia as well as total scores on the Symptom Checklist-90( SCL-90 ). In the control group estimated by Eysenck Personality Questionnaire( EPQ ), the scales were increased on items of psychoticism( P ) and lies( L ) compared to pre-op-eration, and decreased somewhat on neuroticism( N ), yet the scores on extraversion/introversion( E ) remained no difference. The scales measured in the experimental group on P, E, JN and L were significantly decreased as compared with that observed before surgery. Conclusion: Psychological nursing on personality characteristics basis can be effective for patients with esophageal cancer undergone surgery, for it may partially improve their psychological problems and enhance their social adaptation.%目的:探讨基于人格特征进行的心理护理对食管癌患者心理状况的影响,为心理护理及治疗提供决策依据.方法:182例食管癌患者按就诊顺序随机均分为对照组和研究组,对照组实施常规护理和治疗,研究组依据人格特征进行心理护理和治疗,分析手术后两组患者心理状况变化.结果:研究组SCL-90中抑郁因子分、焦虑因子分、恐怖因子分及总均分较对照组有改善;对照组术后EPQ中的因子P、L的分值较术前均有所增高;对照组术后EPQ中的因子N的分值较术前均有所降低,对照组术后EPQ中的因子E的分值较术前无差异;研究组术后EPQ中的因子P、E、N、L的分值较术前均有所降低.结论:基于人格特征进行的心理护理可改善食管癌患者部分心理问题,增强社会适应能力,是较为有效的心理护理方法.