高糖膳食对载脂蛋白AI基因-75G/A多态性不同基因型健康青年血脂及载脂蛋白比值的影响

摘要

Objective To investigate the effects of a high-carbohydrate diet on the lipid and apoli-poprotein ratios in healthy young adults with different genotypes of the polymorphism at - 75 site in the promoter region of the gene of apolipoprotein AI (AP0A1). Methods Fifty-six subjects aged (22. 89 ± 1. 80) years were given a wash-out diet for 7 days, followed by a high-carbohydrate diet for 6 days. The wash-out diet contained 15% protein, 31% fat, and 54% carbohydrate. The high-carbohydrate diet contained 15% protein, 15% fat, and 70% carbohydrate. Twelve-hour fasting serum lipids and apolipoproteins B100 and AI were measured on the mornings of the 1st, the 8th, and the 14th days from the beginning of the wash-out diet. The ratios of triglyceride ( TG) /high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ( HDL-C) , total cholesterol (TC)/HDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol ( LDL-C)/HDL-C, and apolipoprotein B100 ( APOB100)/apolipoprotein AI ( APOAI) were calculated. The genome DNA was extracted and the polymorphism of APOA1 -75 G/A was determined by polymerase chain reaction followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism assay. Results At baseline, the lipid and apolipoprotein ratios showed no significant differences between the GG genotype and the A carriers in males ( P > 0. 05 ) , whereas the female A carriers had a significantly higher ratio of LDL-C/ HDL-C compared with the female subjects with the GG genotype (P < 0. 05 ). Following the high-carbohydrate diet, significant decreases of TC/HDL-C were found in all the groups, regardless of sex and genotype ( P < 0. 01). LDL-C/HDL-C experienced significant decreases in both the genotypes in males ( P < 0. 05) , while in females, significant decrease of LDL-C/HDL-C was only observed in A carriers ( P < 0. 01). Conclusion The A allele of the -75 G/A polymorphism in APOAI may have specific effects on the LDL-C/HDL-C ratio in females.%目的 探讨高糖膳食对载脂蛋白AI基因(APOA1)启动子区- 75 G/A多态性不同基因型健康青年血脂及载脂蛋白比值的影响.方法 给予56名平均年龄为(22.89±1.80)岁的健康青年7d平衡膳食和6d高糖膳食.平衡膳食的热量组成为15％蛋白质、31％脂肪和54％碳水化合物；高糖膳食的热量组成为15％蛋白质、15％脂肪和70％碳水化合物.于膳食干预的第1天、第8天和第14天清晨抽取12h空腹静脉血,测定血脂及载脂蛋白浓度,计算甘油三酯(TG)/高密度脂蛋白胆固醇( HDL-C)、总胆固醇(TC )/HDL-C、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)/HDL-C及载脂蛋白B100 (APOB100)/载脂蛋白AI (APOAI)的比值.提取全基因组DNA,聚合酶链式反应-限制性片段长度多态性法分析APOA1 -75 G/A多态性.结果 基础值时,血脂及载脂蛋白比值在男性基因型之间的差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05)；在女性中,A等位基因携带者LDL-C/HDL-C显著高于GG基因型受试者(P＜0.05).高糖膳食后,TC/HDL-C在各性别和基因型分组中均显著降低(P＜0.01).LDL-C/HDL-C在男性各基因型中显著降低(P＜0.05)；在女性中,LDL-C/HDL-C仅在A等位基因携带者中显著降低(P＜0.01),在GG基因型受试者中差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 APOA1 -75 G/A多态性A等位基因可能对其女性携带者的LDL-C/HDL-C比值有一定的影响.