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Surface functionalization of inorganic nanostructures: The interface of materials science and the environment.

机译:无机纳米结构的表面功能化:材料科学与环境的界面。

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摘要

With increased demands on natural and economic resources, society has increasingly looked toward science and technology to provide new ways to meet the ever increasing demands of our modern world. The development of nanoscale science and engineering has promised new chemistry and physics at small length scales which may lead to improved efficiencies and new technologies. This thesis will explore some of the ways that chemistry can be used to control the chemical and physical properties of inorganic structures on the nanoscale. In particular, surface initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) and new techniques for the selective etching of silver nanostructures will be presented. Furthermore, these chemical techniques will be applied to the development of functional materials to address environmentally relevant applications. For example, control over polymerization at the nanoscale was used to develop nanostructured battery membranes, towards the development of a solid polymer electrolyte for lithium ion batteries. Additionally, assembly and selective etching of silver particles was used to develop surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) substrates for sensing of environmental contaminants. These SERS based sensors were used for the detection of arsenic in groundwater samples, demonstrating their utility for environmental applications.
机译:随着对自然和经济资源的需求不断增加,社会越来越重视科学技术,以提供新的方式来满足现代世界不断增长的需求。纳米科学和工程学的发展有望在小规模的规模上发展新的化学和物理,这可能会提高效率和新技术。本论文将探讨化学可用于控制纳米级无机结构的化学和物理性质的一些方法。特别是,将介绍表面引发的原子转移自由基聚合(ATRP)和选择性刻蚀银纳米结构的新技术。此外,这些化学技术将用于功能材料的开发,以解决与环境相关的应用。例如,在纳米级上控制聚合被用于开发纳米​​结构的电池膜,以开发用于锂离子电池的固体聚合物电解质。另外,银颗粒的组装和选择性刻蚀被用于开发表面增强拉曼光谱(SERS)基板,用于感测环境污染物。这些基于SERS的传感器用于检测地下水样品中的砷,证明了其在环境应用中的实用性。

著录项

  • 作者

    Mulvihill, Martin Jerome.;

  • 作者单位

    University of California, Berkeley.;

  • 授予单位 University of California, Berkeley.;
  • 学科 Chemistry Analytical.;Chemistry Inorganic.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2009
  • 页码 137 p.
  • 总页数 137
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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