SOLUBILITY STUDIES IN PURE AND MIXED SOLVENTS (PYRIDINE, THIOPHENE, BENZENE, CYCLOHEXANE).

摘要

The research presented in this dissertation consists of two parts; part 1 for solubility of aromatic hydrocarbon solids in pure and mixed solvents and part 2 for solubility of pure gases in water at high pressures.;In the research of part 2, equilibrium compositions of vapor and liquid phases for binary systems CH(,4)-H(,2)O and N(,2)-H(,2)O are measured at pressures of up to 101.3 MPa at 323 and 373K. The solubility data are correlated by the modified Krichevsky-Kasarnovsky equation. The Krichevsky-Ilinskaya equation, on the other hand, is proved inadequate for the correlation of the gas solubility data of this research. Instead, an equation which includes a term for the coefficient of isothermal compressibility of the partial molar volume in addition to a non-ideality term correlates the solubility data well. Solubilities of the gases in water at high pressures are predicted by the modified Krichevsky-Kasarnovsky equation using the apparent partial molar volume estimated by the method suggested in this study.;In the research of part 1, eight aromatic hydrocarbon solids biphenyl, naphthalene, fluorene, phenanthrene, acenaphthene, fluoranthene, pyrene and o-terphenyl are employed to measure their solubilities in pure solvents pyridine and thiophene and in mixed solvents of benzene and cyclohexane at three different concentrations. Solubilities of phenanthrene, which undergoes a lambda point transition, are predicted by a new solubility equation derived in this research. The new equation includes a term for the contribution of the phase transition. Activity coefficients of solids are predicted by the Scatchard-Hildebrand regular solution equation by using the solubility parameters evaluated by the floating datum point method, which is devised in this study. Solubilities of the solids are generalized for each of the solvents as suggested by McLaughlin and Zainal.