Being Maohi today: Change, social roles, and defining ethnic identity in the Society Islands.

摘要

The research reported in this dissertation investigates the effects of rapid change, the continuing French presence, and economic dependence on France in the Society Islands upon social roles and ethnic identity. I examine how Tahitians (Maohi) accommodate social change as they define their ethnic identity, the shifting nature of ethnic boundaries in the Society Islands, and the processes of redefinition of these ethnic boundaries.;Research consisted of participant observation in two rural Tahitian communities. Data were drawn primarily from cultural ideals and subjective experiences relating to diet, hygiene, dress, and illness and health-seeking behavior, although other pertinent data were explored as well. Participant observation was supplemented by interviews. Since ethnic identity is a matter of individual identification with a group, both microlevel and macrolevel data are presented.;The research reported here indicates that ethnic boundaries are shifting in the Society Islands. New social roles are available to Society Islanders. Through the enactment of both familiar and new social roles, individuals make claims about the value and nature of Maohi ethnic identity. These claims may either be consistent with widely-shared notions of Maohi ethnic identity or they may attempt to incorporate new cultural elements into that identity. Those attempts, when successful, result in the shifting of the boundaries of ethnic identity.;The relationship between role and claims of ethnic identity is complex. Individuals may adopt a familiar or a new social role, or they may shift between roles of both types. Further, individuals in any of the three types of role enactment--familiar, new, or shifting--may make claims that reinforce widely-shared understandings, claims that attempt to shift ethnic boundaries, or claims of both types. Examples are provided to document these various combinations and suggestions for further research are included.