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Aesthetic world disclosure in Kant and Heidegger.

机译:康德和海德格尔的审美世界揭示。

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I argue that there is a great similarity between the Critique of Judgment and the later Heidegger and that, pace Heidegger, he owes a great debt to Kant's aesthetics. To show this, I focus on the processes of world disclosure: those practices which allow the world to show itself one way rather than another, and thus constrain how the world can exist (and be meaningful) for us.;I distinguish between two forms of world disclosure: epistemic and aesthetic. The former begins with general concepts and ends with particulars, and tends to claim both spatial and temporal universality. The latter begins with particulars and only then seeks to generate or discover general concepts which can, retrospectively, account for the particulars; its claims tend to be closely linked to the here and now and move only problematically towards the universal.;The first Critique's elucidation of determinative judgment provides a paradigm case of epistemic world disclosure. Determinative judgment makes possible an objective world whose very objectivity is guaranteed by the universality of the form of reason itself. The third Critique, I argue, gives an analysis of aesthetic world disclosure under the name reflective judgment. Reflective judgment begins with experiences unshaped by pre-existent categories. It is accompanied by a double desire: to bring these experiences to language and to consider them universally binding. Both are problematic because they presuppose the sorts of general concepts upon which reflective judgment cannot draw.;The later Heidegger offers no positive account of epistemic world disclosure. Rather, historically grounded structures of epistemic world disclosure are to be unveiled as such, showing them lacking in trans-historical claims to universality. I suggest that aesthetic world disclosure, through its emphasis on particularity offers a positive alternative.;While Kant is at pains to contain reflective judgment--and the world it discloses--and emphasizes that reflective judgments are not objective, Heidegger is explicitly interested in establishing the possibility of a non-objectified world. I conclude that he valorizes (and re-ontologizes) the aesthetic more than had Kant and sees it as a positive alternative to modern epistemic (technical) world disclosure.
机译:我认为,《审判的批判》与后来的海德格尔之间有很大的相似之处,而且,以海德格尔的步伐,他对康德的美学负有极大的责任。为了说明这一点,我将重点放在世界公开的过程上:那些允许世界以一种方式而不是另一种方式展示自己,从而限制了世界如何对我们存在(并有意义)的实践。披露:认知和美学。前者以一般概念开始,以细节结束,并倾向于主张时空通用性。后者从细节开始,然后才试图产生或发现可以追溯性地考虑细节的一般概念。它的主张往往与现在和现在紧密联系,并且仅在向普遍性的方向发展时才有问题。;第一批批判对确定性判断的阐释提供了认知世界公开的范例。决定性判断使客观世界成为可能,其客观性通过理性形式本身的普遍性得以保证。我认为,第三批评论以反射性判断的名义对审美世界的披露进行了分析。反思性判断始于既有类别未塑造的经验。它伴随着双重愿望:将这些体验带入语言并认为它们具有普遍约束力。两者都是有问题的,因为它们预设了不能依靠反思性判断的一般概念。后来的海德格尔没有对认知世界的披露做出积极的解释。相反,应该以揭露历史世界为基础的认知世界披露结构,这表明它们缺乏跨历史性的普遍性主张。我建议审美世界的披露通过强调特殊性提供了一种积极的选择。;虽然康德正竭力遏制反思性的判断及其所揭示的世界,并强调反思性的判断并非客观的,但海德格尔显然对建立非客观世界的可能性。我得出的结论是,与康德相比,他更珍视(并重新本体论)美学,并将其视为现代认知(技术)世界披露的积极替代。

著录项

  • 作者

    Maskit, Jonathan.;

  • 作者单位

    Northwestern University.;

  • 授予单位 Northwestern University.;
  • 学科 Philosophy.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 1996
  • 页码 236 p.
  • 总页数 236
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 哲学理论;
  • 关键词

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