Dialectical fictions: The politics of self-conscious form in the American novel after 1950.

摘要

Dialectical Fictions analyzes the process by which specific works and sub-genres of metafiction politically engage the reader by approaching a variety of metafictions by prominent American writers of the last sixty years from the standpoint of form. The propensity of metafiction to turn inwardly upon itself to reveal its process of construction highlights aesthetic form as a vehicle for the production of meaning and invites the reader's critical engagement with this process of meaning-making. If politics is regarded, neither as a call for activism nor the advocacy of a dogmatic political stance, but as a type of knowledge that can be described as both an ethical relationship between the individual and society at large and as an ideological orientation, then metafiction's interest in its own formal qualities effects a political transformation of the reader by altering his social consciousness.;The aesthetically-minded works of Vladimir Nabokov and John Barth examine the relationship between aesthetics and ethics, but their ethics represent historically informed responses to their authors' political situations. The historiographic metafictions of Philip Roth find Ishmael Reed, on the other hand, offer both alternate histories and alternate theories of history. The fantastic metafictions of Kurt Vonnegut and Marilynne Robinson exploit the hesitation between natural and supernatural explanations of events in order to deconstruct dominant conceptions of reality, and Thomas Pynchon's encyclopedic metafictions provide cognitive maps of developing industrialized capitalism.;These works formally enact the political arguments that their content at times seems to deny and provide what Marxist critics like Fredric Jameson and F. W. Adorno have long sought---works that account for their own historical construction at the same time as they attempt to subvert the existing social order.