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Estimating nonlinear cross section and panel data models with endogeneity and heterogeneity.

机译:估计具有内生性和异质性的非线性横截面和面板数据模型。

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The dissertation consists of three chapters that consider the estimation of nonlinear cross section and panel data models. This study contributes to the literature by developing new estimation methods for estimating models with limited dependent variable and endogenous regressors in the presence of unobserved heterogeneity. It also makes contribution to the field of labor economics by applying my new estimators to the study of female labor supply.;In the first chapter, a fractional response model with a count endogenous regressor is considered. A new estimation method is proposed to handle discrete endogeneity in the presence of unobserved heterogeneity and non-linear setting. The two-step Quasi-Maximum Likelihood and Nonlinear Least Squares estimators using the Adaptive Gauss Hermite quadrature are proposed. Average partial effects for discrete endogenous variables are obtained given its difficulty of approximation based on a non-closed form conditional mean with a non-normal heterogeneity. Monte Carlo simulations verify that the new estimators are the least biased and the most efficient among examined estimators including existing estimators. This is the first research that supports the necessity and significance of count endogeneity. The proposed estimators are applied to analyze the US female labor supply. The result shows diminishing marginal effects of additional children on female's working hours. This novel finding is consistent with a story of fertility and presents an evidence of economies of scale that mothers become more efficient after raising the first kids, devote more time to work and balance between working time and family time.;In the second chapter, a dynamic Tobit panel data model that allows for an endogenous regressor (besides the lagged dependent variable) is developed. I also permit the presence of unobserved heterogeneity and serial correlation of transitory shocks. A correlated random effect Tobit approach, a computationally attractive estimation method, is proposed. The estimation method employs the control function approach to account for endogeneity and to consistently estimate average partial effects. In addition, serial correlation in the reduced form is corrected which makes the estimator more robust. This method is readily applied to Panel Study of Income Dynamics data from 1980 to 1992. I find a strong evidence of persistence in US white female labor working hours and the initial condition of female labor supply is statistically significant.;The third chapter considers the estimation of a panel data model with a corner solution response and the presence of a dummy endogenous variable as well as heterogeneity. The main contribution is to allow a joint distribution of the binary endogenous regressor and the unobserved factors that affect both the amount and participation equations. A bivariate probit model is suggested in the first stage. An exponential type II Tobit (ET2T) model is exploited for the amount equation to ensure that the predicted value for the response variable is positive; and there is a correlation between unobserved effects in both the amount and participation equations. The two-step estimation procedure inspired by Heckman's idea of adding correction terms for endogenous switching and a corner solution outcome is used to analyze the impact of fertility on female labor force participation and labor supply using the Vietnamese Household Living Standard Surveys data 2004-2008. The proposed approach gives a statistically significant negative effect of having a newborn on women who are working and remain in the labor market. It corrects remarkably the bias in estimating the effect of a newborn on mother's working hours compared to other alternative estimation methods.
机译:论文由三章组成,分别考虑了非线性截面和面板数据模型的估计。这项研究通过开发新的估计方法来估计文献,这些估计方法用于在存在未观察到的异质性的情况下估计具有有限因变量和内生回归变量的模型。通过将我的新估计量应用于女性劳动力供应的研究,它也为劳动经济学领域做出了贡献。在第一章中,考虑了带有计数内生回归因子的分数响应模型。提出了一种新的估计方法,用于在存在未观测到的异质性和非线性设置的情况下处理离散的内生性。提出了使用自适应高斯厄米正交算法的两步拟极大似然估计和非线性最小二乘估计。给定离散内生变量的平均局部效应,因为它具有基于非封闭形式条件均值和非正态异质性的近似难易度。蒙特卡洛模拟验证了新的估算器在包括现有估算器在内的所有评估估算器中偏差最小,效率最高。这是第一个支持计数内生性的必要性和意义的研究。拟议的估计量用于分析美国女性劳动力供给。结果表明,减少额外子女对女性工作时间的边际影响。这一新颖的发现与生育的故事相吻合,并提供了规模经济的证据,即母亲在养育第一个孩子后变得更有效率,将更多的时间投入到工作中,并在工作时间和家庭时间之间取得平衡。开发了动态Tobit面板数据模型,该模型允许使用内生回归变量(除了滞后因变量外)。我还允许存在未观察到的异质性和瞬时冲击的序列相关性。提出了一种相关的随机效应Tobit方法,一种具有计算吸引力的估计方法。估计方法采用控制功能方法来考虑内生性并一致地估计平均局部效应。另外,以简化形式的串行相关被校正,这使得估计器更鲁棒。这种方法很容易应用于1980年至1992年的“收入动态面板研究”数据。我发现了一个强有力的证据,证明了美国白人女性劳动时间的持续存在,并且女性劳动力供应的初始条件具有统计学意义。具有角解响应和虚拟内生变量以及异质性的面板数据模型的模型。主要贡献在于允许二元内生回归变量和影响数量方程和参与方程的未观察因素的联合分布。在第一阶段建议使用双变量概率模型。对于数量方程,使用指数II型Tobit(ET2T)模型,以确保响应变量的预测值为正。在数量和参与方程中,未观察到的效果之间存在相关性。受到赫克曼(Heckman)的想法的启发,采用了两步估算程序,即为内生转换添加修正项和角点解结果,并使用2004-2008年越南家庭生活水平调查数据来分析生育率对女性劳动力参与和劳动力供给的影响。所提出的方法在生育上对正在工作并仍在劳动力市场中的妇女产生了统计上显着的负面影响。与其他替代估计方法相比,它可以显着纠正估计新生儿对母亲工作时间的影响方面的偏见。

著录项

  • 作者

    Nguyen, Hoa Bao.;

  • 作者单位

    Michigan State University.;

  • 授予单位 Michigan State University.;
  • 学科 Economics General.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2011
  • 页码 143 p.
  • 总页数 143
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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