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The effect of doping on luminescent properties of cadmium tungstate.

机译:掺杂对钨酸镉发光性能的影响。

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摘要

Cadmium Tungstate is a common scintillator crystal used in a variety of commercial and scientific applications. Its relative high density allows for adequate radiation hardness and its low hygroscopicity permits its use at room temperature in harsh environments without the need of moisture protection.; The ideal scintillator material is NaI:Tl which is referred as a standard at 100% Charge Collection Efficiency (CCE), but its relative low density and susceptibility to moisture makes its application limited. Cadmium Tungstate efficiency is 30% of NaI:Tl and its radiation damage inhibits peak light output of an additional 40%.; The purpose of this study was to understand the characteristics of this reduced efficiency and determine the crystal behaviors under doping conditions of metal ions to increase its peak light output and its resistance to radiation. The use of Combinatorial Materials research was instrumental in segregating thousands of compositions to obtain a stoichiometric balance, which permitted for growth of single crystals.; The first step was the preparation of sintered compositions which underwent measurements in a dual system of X-Ray Diffraction and X-Ray Fluorescence to determine the best compositions for increased light output.; The second step was to irradiate the corresponding sintered samples under a strong X-Ray flux to determine its radiation damage. Ideally, the best results are determined by a combination of high light output and increased resistance to irradiation damage. The optimized compositions were grown into single crystals according to the Czochralski method and their peak light output measured. Single crystals were irradiated with X-Rays and their radiation resistance was compared to pure and doped sintered CdW04 samples.; This study has determined the doping elements and amounts, while maintaining a stoichiometric balance, when added to Cadmium Tungstate achieved a non-precedent doubling of light output and reduced X-Ray damage at room temperatures.
机译:钨酸镉是一种常见的闪烁体晶体,可用于各种商业和科学应用。其相对较高的密度可提供足够的辐射硬度,而其低吸湿性可使其在室温下在恶劣环境中使用,而无需防潮。理想的闪烁体材料是NaI:Tl,在100%电荷收集效率(CCE)时被称为标准物,但是其相对较低的密度和对湿气的敏感性使其应用受到限制。钨酸镉的效率为NaI:Tl的30%,其辐射损伤会抑制峰值光输出,另外增加40%。这项研究的目的是了解这种降低的效率的特性,并确定在金属离子掺杂条件下的晶体行为,以增加其峰值光输出及其抗辐射性。组合材料研究的使用有助于分离成千上万种成分以获得化学计量的平衡,从而使单晶生长。第一步是制备烧结的组合物,然后在X射线衍射和X射线荧光双重系统中进行测量,以确定增加光输出的最佳组合物。第二步是在强X射线通量下照射相应的烧结样品,以确定其辐射损伤。理想情况下,最好的结果取决于高光输出和增加的抗辐照破坏性。根据切克劳斯基(Czochralski)方法,将优化的组合物生长为单晶,并测量其峰值光输出。用X射线辐照单晶,并将其抗辐射性与纯和掺杂的烧结CdWO4样品进行比较。这项研究确定了掺杂元素和掺杂元素的数量,同时保持了化学计量的平衡,将其添加到钨酸镉中后,光输出达到了前所未有的翻倍,并在室温下减少了X射线的损害。

著录项

  • 作者

    Orlow, Waldemar.;

  • 作者单位

    Marquette University.;

  • 授予单位 Marquette University.;
  • 学科 Applied Mechanics.; Engineering Mechanical.; Chemistry Radiation.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2004
  • 页码 99 p.
  • 总页数 99
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 应用力学;机械、仪表工业;化学;
  • 关键词

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