Pedagogies of resistance (Sigmund Freud, Albert Camus, Tennessee Williams, Tony Kushner).

摘要

Entitled "Pedagogies of Resistance" this dissertation argues that the proliferation of the term 'resistance' in postwar popular and academic discourse, and particularly during the closing years of the twentieth century, was not accidental. It suggests that there are certain commonalities to the substantive critical deployments of the word and further maintains that, although theorists use 'resistance' differently, their decision to use the word is informed not only by the rhetorical usefulness of the wartime resistance of the French, but also by the conceptual complexity of the term in Psychoanalysis.; Resistance is not simply a product of two subjects conflicting in isolation. The context of the collision is material, even constitutive, of resistances. Freud's writing before the Second World War and Camus' writing during, and about the German occupation of Paris provide two almost contemporaneous instances where medical, political and psychoanalytical ideas of resistance join in pedagogical narratives to question their contexts.; The dissertation begins and ends with a reading of the short Biblical account of "Jacob's struggle with the Angel" which, the reading suggests, is a particular archetype of resistance.; Two examples of gendered resistance---Tennessee Williams' Suddenly Last Summer and Freud's 'Dora' case---are then read closely to understand how the feminized resistance of the patients is transmitted through the medical-literary male voice of their doctors and back through the social contexts that they represent. The dissertation then investigates Freud's evolving use of the term widerstand ('resistance') as psychoanalysis developed.; The two penultimate chapters look to Camus' The Plague and The Fall and Kushner's Angels in America to illustrate how the metaphor of 'plague' has been deployed to describe two of the major recent infections of the body politic. Camus' allegory of the German occupation of France and Kushner's plays about the early days of the global AIDS pandemic both show that resistance is the demonstrable corollary to plague, when medical discourse translates into politics and literature.; Finally, the conclusion deals with the interplay of different political and psychoanalytic resistances in the popular use of the term 'resistance' by the Borg in Star Trek.