Does race of alibi witness affect juror decision making in a mock murder trial?

摘要

Past controlled research using mock trials found black defendants guilty consistently more often than white defendants. Recently however, research has generally failed to find this effect. One explanation is that prejudice has been greatly reduced; an alternative is people are more aware of prejudice, and consider it less acceptable. This results in an effort to avoid being influenced by racist stereotypes. The possibility arises that participants who are unaware that a negative stereotype has been activated may be affected by that stereotype. The current study focuses on the inadvertent prejudice caused by this process. Race of the defendant and key alibi witness were varied. Participants were randomly assigned to one of 4 conditions, read a trial transcript, and rendered a verdict. There was no effect of race of the defendant, but both white and black defendants were more likely to be found guilty when their main alibi witness was black.