Simulation biomecanique du traitement de la scoliose idiopathique par orthese: Application a la conception rationnelle de corsets (French text).

摘要

Scoliosis is a three-dimensional and progressive deformity of the spine and the rib cage. Patients with moderate deformities are generally treated with orthoses (braces). These braces are aimed at stopping the progression of scoliotic deformities by applying forces on the human torso.; The different existing braces are based on relatively similar correction principles but their design can be quite different. Their biomechanics remain poorly understood and their three-dimensional effect is still questioned. To study these problems a few numerical models have been used. They generally simulate brace treatment by applying experimentally calculated forces on a finite element model of the human torso. Recently a new method which consists in directly modeling the brace and its interface with the human torso to simulate brace treatment has been proposed. This method is more realistic than the direct application of forces on the human torso but still has to be improved.; Subsequently, the objective of this project is to develop a detailed parametric model of a brace and a realistic simulation of its immediate effects, which will allow studying the design parameters. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)