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The birth of sectarian identity in 2nd/8th century Kufa: Zaydism and the politics of perpetual revolution.

机译：2/8世纪库法教派认同的诞生：扎伊德主义和永续革命的政治。

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This dissertation uses legal traditions (h&dotbelow;adith ) dating from the early 2nd/8th century to assess the historical reliability of sectarian narratives purporting to be early but preserved in non-contemporary historical and heresiographical works. These legal texts are primarily concerned with religious orthopraxy, raising the question of how to derive historical information from overtly non-historical sources. The methodological approach employed in this study compares Sunni and Shi'i (Imami and Zaydi) traditions on the basis of three factors: (1) use of authority figures, (2) chains of transmission (isnads), and (3) narrative forms for preserving information. Once a sect begins relying on the opinions of specific authorities preserved in distinctive chains and unique styles, this provides strong evidence for its communal independence.; The body of the dissertation consists of three legal case studies: (1) the basmalah at the start of the prayer recitation, (2) the permissibility of the qunut in ritual prayer, and (3) the debate over the prohibition of alcohol. The first chapter in each case study offers a juristic analysis of an issue's treatment by the major Sunni H&dotbelow;anafi, Maliki, Shafi'i, H&dotbelow;anbali) and Shi'i (Imami, Zaydi) law schools. The second contains the structural comparison of legal traditions.; The results of the comparisons confirm the early 2nd/8 th century presence of (a) a clearly demarcated ahl al-ra'y (a group that allowed the use of personal opinion in jurisprudence) within a diffuse milieu of Kufan proto-Sunnism and (b) a largely insular early Imami community with a distinctive orthopraxy. There is little support, however, for the 'classical' narrative that ascribes the birth of Zaydism to the union of 'moderate' Batri and 'militant' Jarudi Shi'ism around the 122/740 revolt of Zayd b. 'Ali. On the contrary, Zaydi traditions are overwhelmingly Batri (proto-Sunni) through the early and mid 2nd/8th century, when they acquire a distinctly Jarudi character, suggesting that these terms denote successive stages in the evolution of Zaydism. This transformation was achieved largely through the efforts of Yah&dotbelow;ya b. 'Abd Allah (d. 189/805), a prominent 'Alid raised in the household of Ja'far al-S&dotbelow;adiq (d. 148/765), who inherited the leadership of the Zaydi movement in 169/786.

机译：本论文采用可追溯至2/8世纪初的法律传统（h）来评估宗派叙事的历史可靠性，这些叙事据说是早期的，但保存在非当代的历史和地理学著作中。这些法律文本主要与宗教矫正有关，提出了如何从公开的非历史来源中获取历史信息的问题。本研究采用的方法论方法基于以下三个因素比较了逊尼派和什叶派（Imami和Zaydi）的传统：（1）权威人物的使用，（2）传播链（isnads）和（3）叙述形式用于保存信息。一旦一个教派开始依赖保留在独特的链条和独特风格中的特定权威的意见，这便为其社区的独立性提供了有力的证据。论文的主体包括三个法律案例研究：（1）诵经开始时的巴斯玛拉（Balmalah），（2）仪式祈祷中允许使用古特纳（qunut），以及（3）关于禁止饮酒的辩论。每个案例研究的第一章均对主要逊尼派（Anani），马里奇（Malik），沙菲伊（Shafi'i）和什叶派（Imami，Zaydi）法学院对问题的处理进行了法律分析。第二部分包含法律传统的结构比较。比较的结果证实了（2）早在2/8世纪出现了（a）一个清晰界定的ahl al-ra'y（一个允许在法学中使用个人观点的团体）在Kufan原始逊尼派主义和（b）岛上早期一个主要的岛上社区，具有独特的正骨性。然而，几乎没有人支持将扎伊德主义的诞生归因于扎伊德b / 122/740起义前后“温和”巴特里和“好战”贾鲁迪·什叶派的结合的“古典”叙事。阿里。相反，在2/8世纪初和2世纪中叶之前，扎伊迪人的传统绝大多数都是巴特里人（原始逊尼派），当时他们具有明显的Jarudi性格，这表明这些术语代表了扎伊德主义演变的连续阶段。这种转变很大程度上是通过Yah的努力实现的。 'Abd Allah（卒于189/805），一位杰出的'Alid在Ja'far al-S＆dotbelow; adiq（卒于148/765）的家庭中长大，他在169/786继承了Zaydi运动的领导权。

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作者
Haider, Najam Iftikhar.;
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作者单位

Princeton University.;

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授予单位 Princeton University.;
学科 Religion History of.; History Middle Eastern.; Law.
学位 Ph.D.
年度 2007
页码 504 p.
总页数 504
原文格式 PDF
正文语种 eng
中图分类宗教史、宗教地理;亚洲史;法律;
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The birth of sectarian identity in 2nd/8th century Kufa: Zaydism and the politics of perpetual revolution.

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