声明
ABSTRACT
摘要
Abbreviations
Contents
Chapter 1 Introduction and Literature review
1．1 Introduction and Definition
1．2 History of Activated Carbon
1．3 Activated carbon Production Process
1．3．1 Carbonization
1．3．2 Activation
1．4 Activated Carbon from Different Raw Materials
1．5 Activated carbon
1．5．1 Raw materials for activated carbon production
1．5．2 Pyrolysis
1．5．3 Activation reaction
1．5．4 Physical method
1．5．5 Chemical Method
1．6 Preparation of activated carbon via microwave heating tube
1．6．1 Microwave radiation
1．6．2 Dielectric properties
1．6．3 Advantages and challenges of microwave heating
1．6．4 Microwave pyrolysis
1．6．5 Char production from biomass by microwave pyrolysis
1．6．6 Production of activated carbon by microwaves
1．7 Research scopes of Activated carbon
1．7．1 Activated carbon from biomass precursors
1．8 Activated carbon from henna leaves powder (HLP) and walnut shell (WNS) properties
1．9 Objectives of the study
1．9．1 Scope of the study
Chapter 2 Materials and methods
2．1 Experimental methods and reagents
2．2．1 Microwave heating tube experimental Equipment
2．3 Analytical methods
2．3．1 Proximate and ultimate analysis
2．3．3 Proximate Analysis-Ash Content
2．3．4 Proximate Analysis-VolatiLe Content
2．4 Characterization of prepared activated carbon
2．4．1 Yield ％ of AC
2．4．3 Methylene Blue Number
2．4．4 Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy
2．4．5 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM)
2．5 Adsorption capacity of activated carbon
Chapter 3 Preparation and characterization of activated carbons from henna leaves powder shell via microwave heating tube
3．1 Introduction
3．2 Preparation of Activated carbons
3．2．1 Raw materials
3．2．2．Activated carbon Preparation
3．3 Result and discussion
3．3．1 Proximate and ultimate analysis
3．3．2 Influence of yield on ACs
3．4 Influence of process parameters on ACs
3．4．1 Influence of activated agents ratio
3．4．2 Influence of activation temperature
3．4．3 Influence of activation time
3．5 Chemical surface characterization
3．5．1 Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy
3．5．2 Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) analysis
3．5．3 X-Ray Diffraction spectroscopy (XRD)
3．6 Adsorption of methylene blue
3．7 Summary
Chapter 4 Preparation and characterization of activated carbons from walnut shell via microwave heating tube
4．1 Introduction
4．2 Preparation of Activated carbons
4．2．1 Raw materials
4．2．2Activated carbon Preparation
4．3 Result and discussion
4．3．1 Proximate and Ultimate analysis
4．3．2 Influence of yield on ACs
4．4 Effect of Process Parameters
4．4．1 Effect of Impregnation Ratio on ％ yield and adsorption capacity
4．4．2 Effect of Carbonization Temperature
4．4．3 Effect of Carbonization Temperature on ％ yield and adsorption capacity
4．4．4 Effect of Carbonization time
4．4．5 Effect of Carbonization time on ％ yield and adsorption capacity
4．5 Chemical surface characterization
4．5．1 Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy
4．5．2 Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) analysis
4．5．3 X-Ray Diffraction spectroscopy (XRD)
4．6 Adsorption study of methylene blue
4．7 Summary
Chapter 5 Conclusions
5．1 Prospects
5．1．1 Recommendations
Reference
Acknowledgement
Introduction to Author and Supervisor
