声明
FUNDING INFORMATION
DEDICATION
Acknowledgements
Table of Contents
List of Figures
List of Tables
List of Abbreviations
Abstract
摘要
Chapter 1 General Introduction
1.1 Background Information
1.2 Project Goals
1.3 Specific Objectives
Chapter 2 Literature Review
2.1 Folate Biochemistry
2.1.1 Chemical structure and nomenclature
2.1.2 Biochemical properties
2.2 Folate Analysis
2.2.1 Sample pretreatment
2.2.2 Detection systems
2.3.Nutritional Aspects of Folate
2.3.1 Folates functions
2.3.2 Folates metabolism
2.4 Health Impacts
2.4.1 Folates deficiency
2.5 Sources of Food Folate
2.6.1 Folate biosynthesis in plant
2.6.2 Distribution of folates during plant development
2.7 Potential Strategies for Folate Biofortification
2.7.1 Exploiting the natural variation in folate levels
2.7.2 Metabolic engineering
Chapter 3 Liquid Chromatographic (LC) Determination Method of Folates in Leafy Vegetables
Abstract
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Materials and Methods
3.2.1 Chemicals and reagents
3.2.2 Folate standards
3.2.3 Enzyme preparation
3.2.4 Sample preparation
3.2.5 Sample cleanup
3.2.6 LC conditions
3.2.7 Calibration curves,limits of detection,and quantification
3.2.8 Recovery tests
3.3 Results and Discussion
3.3.1 Effects of antioxidant on folate recovery during extraction
3.3.2 Effect duration of heating at 100℃ on folate recovery during extraction
3.3.3 Effect of incubation time with folate conjugase on folate recovery during extraction
3.3.4 Effect of extraction buffer volume on folate recovery during extraction
3.3.5 Effect of the pH on folate recovery during extraction
3.3.6 Comparison of methods for enzyme treatments
3.3.7 Validation of the method
3.3.8 Folates in leafy vegetables
3.4 Conclusion
Chapter 4 Folate Content and Composition of Vegetables Commonly Consumed in China
Abstract
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Materials and Methods
4.2.1 Chemicals and reagents
4.2.2 Vegetable selection and sampling
4.2.3 Folate standards
4.2.4 Enzyme preparation
4.2.5 Sample preparation
4.2.6 Sample cleanup
4.2.7 LC conditions
4.2.8 Calibration curves,limits of detection,and quantification
4.2.9 Check of accuracy and quality control
4.2.10 Dry matter determination
4.3 Results and Discussion
4.3.1 Folate content and composition in selected Chinese vegetables
4.3.2 Contribution to recommended dietary intake
4.4 Conclusion
Chapter 5 Changes of Folate and Other Potential Health-Promoting Phytochemicals in Legume Seeds As Affected by Germination
Abstract
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Materials and Methods
5.2.1 Chemicals and reagents
5.2.2 Plant materials and experimental conditions
5.2.3 Folate analysis
5.2.4 Vitamin Canalysis
5.2.5 Determination of total phenolic compounds
5.2.6 Determination of total antioxidant capacity
5.2.7 Water content determination
5.2.8 Statistical analysis
5.3 Results
5.3.1 Folate content and composition in legume seed and sprouts
5.3.2 Vitamin C content in of legume seed and sprouts
5.3.3 Total Phenolic compounds in legume seed and sprouts
5.3.4 Total antioxidant capacity in legume seed and sprouts
5.4 Discussion
5.5 Conclusion
Chapter 6 Natural Variation of Folate Content and Composition in Spinach (Spinacia oleracea)Germplasm
Abstrac
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Materials and Methods
6.2.1 Plant materials and culture
6.2.2 Folate analysis
6.3 Results and Discussion
6.3.1 Total folate in divers spinach accessions
6.3.2 Folate vitamer distribution
6.3.3 Association of total folate content with biomass yield
6.4 Conclusion
Chapter 7 Evaluation of Genotypic Variation of Folate in Pakchoi (Brassica rapa subsp.Chinensis)Germplasm
Abstract
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Materials and Methods
7.2.1 Plant materials and culture
7.2.2 Folate analysis
7.2.3 Precursor analysis
7.2.4 Gene expression analysis
7.2.5 Statistical analysis
7.3 Results
7.3.1 Total folate in diverse pakchoi accessions
7.3.2 Folate vitamer distribution
7.3.3 Pteridine and pABA accumulation
7.3.4 Expression of genes involved in folate metabolism
7.4 Discussion
7.5 Conclusion
Chapter 8 Major Findings and Future Perspectives
8.1 Major Findings
8.2 Future Prospective
References
LIST OF PUBLICATIONS