声明
Acknowledgements
Table of Contents
摘要
Abstract
List of Abbreviations
1 General introduction
1．1 Research background
1．2 Research significance
1．3 General objectives
2 Literature review
2．1 Overview of aquaculture and worldwide production
2．1．1 Generality
2．1．2 Feed production and nutrition methods in aquaculture
2．2 Fish meal and fish oil in aquafeed
2．3 Problematic and alternative replacement of fish meal and fish oil
2．4 Soybean meal
2．5 Overview of short chain fatty acid-Butyrate
2．5．1 Sodium butyrate
2．5．3 Dibutyrin
2．5．4 Tributyrin
2．6 Mechanisms and functions
2．6．1 Improve gut morphological structure
2．6．2 Enhance antioxidant capacity
2．6．3 Enhancegut immunity by alleviating inflammatory responses
2．6．4 Promote beneficial bacteria and maintain intestinal microflora balance
2．7 Application in animal production
2．7．2 Application on broiler
2．7．3 Application on ruminant
2．7．4 Application on aquatic animals
2．8 Research progress on black sea bream Acanthopagrus schlegelii
2．8．1 Classification
2．8．2 Biological characteristic
2．8．3 Nutritional requirements of black sea bream
3 Tributyrin supplementation in high soybean meal diet
3．2．1 Experimental diets formulation and composition
3．2．2 Animal husbandry，experimental site and conditions
3．2．3 Samples collection
3．2．4 Sample analytical methods
3．2．5 Digestive enzyme activity
3．2．6 Serum parameters
3．2．7 Intestinal histology
3．2．8 Gene expression analysis
3．2．9 Calculation and statistical analysis
3．3 Results
3．3．1 Growth performance and morphometric parameters
3．3．2 Feed utilization parameters
3．3．3 Apparent digestibmty coefficients
3．3．4 Phosphorus discharge
3．3．5 Whole body and dorsal muscle proximate composition
3．3．6 Digestive enzyme activities parameters
3．3．7 Serum biochemical parameters
3．3．8 Serum immune and antioxidant parameters
3．3．9 Intestinal histology structure and morphometric parameters
3．3．10 Intestinal gene expression
3．4 Discussion
3．5 Chapter summary
4 Mixture of butyrate glycerides supplementation in high soybean meal diet
4．2．1 Experimental diets formulation and composition
4．2．2 Animal husbandry，experimental site and conditions
4．2．3 Samples collection
4．2．4 Sample analytical methods
4．2．5 Digestive enzyme activity
4．2．6 Serum parameters
4．2．7 Intestinal histology
4．3．1 Growth performance and morphometric parameters
4．3．2 Feed utilization parameters
4．3．3 Whole body and dorsal musde proximate composition
4．3．4 Digestive enzyme parameters
4．3．5 Serum biochemical parameters
4．3．6 Serum immune and antioxidative parameters
4．3．7 Intestinal histology structure and morphometric parameters
4．4 Discussion
4．5 Chapter summary
5 Comparative study on the effectiveness of using mixture of butyrate glycerides，tributyrin and microencapsulated sodium butyrate
5．1 Introduction
5．2 Materials and methods
5．2．1 Experimental diets formulation and composition
5．2．2 Animal husbandry，experimental site and conditions
5．2．3 Samples collection
5．2．4 Sample analytical methods
5．2．5 Intestinal histology
5．2．6 Calculation and statistical analysis
5．3．2 Feed utilization parameters
5．3．3 Whole body and dorsal muscle proximate composition
5．3．4 Intestine histological structure
5．4 Discussion
5．5 Chapter summary
6 Effects of butyrate glyceride supplementation on microbiome community
6．1 Introduction
6．2 Materials and methods
6．2．1 Experimental diets formulation and composition
6．2．4 Microbiota analysis
6．3．1 OTUs and alpha diversity analysis
6．3．2 Microbiota community composition and relative abundance analysis
6．4 Discussion
6．5 Chapter summary
7 General conclusions and future perspectives
7．1 Conclusions
7．2 Innovation
7．3 Future perspective
References
