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Perspectives on Translation Studies From Discourse to Culture

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Acknowledgements

Chapter One Introduction

Chapter Two A Bird's Eye View of Translation Studies

2.1 On the Basics of Translation Studies

2.1.1 The Implications of Translation

2.1.2 Standard of Translation Studies

2.2 Contemporary Mainstream Translation Studies

2.2.1 The North American Translation Workshop

2.2.2 The School of the Science of Translation

2.2.3 The School of Deconstruction

2.3 Paradoxes of Translation Studies

2.3.1 Translation is simply doing the impossible well

2.3.2 Translation is valid but paraphrase is wrong

2.3.3 On the Assumption that "A Person Who Knows Two Languages Well Can Be a Good Translator or Interpreter"

Chapter Three Translation from a Discourse Perspective

3.1 Linguistics and Translating

3.1.1 The Definition of Discourse

3.1.2 On Situational Features and the Application in Translation

3.2 Discourse and Translators

3.2.1 A Review of the Past and Present of Discourse Analysis Functions Translation Studies

3.2.2 On the Interaction between Context, Discourse and Translation Studies

3.3 The Application of Discourse Analysis in Translation

3.3.1 Translation from a Context Perspective

3.3.2 Translation from a Topical Perspective

3.3.3 Translation from the Perspective of Cohesion and Coherence

Chapter Four Translation from a Cultural Perspective

4.1 The Cornerstone of Cultural Equivalence in Translation

4.2 Definition of Cultural Equivalence of Translation

4.3 Exploration of Cultural Equivalence of Translation

4.3.1 Successful Conveyance of Culture by Studying the Cultural differences in Words

4.3.2 No Confusion over the Literal Meaning

4.3.3 Combination of Literal Translation, Cultural Translation and Notes

4.3.4 Emotional Coloring in Equivalent Translation

4.3.5 Proper Use of the Standardized or Idiomatic Expressions

4.3.6 Dealing with no Homologue in Corresponding Culture

4.4Conclusion for Cultural Translation

Chapter Five Conclusion

Bibliography

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摘要

翻译的直接对象是原文语篇,翻译的最终产品是译文语篇。构成语篇的各级单位之间存在着语义和结构上的关联。译文若要完整地再现原作的精髓,保持连贯的行文和清晰的逻辑,则需译者从语篇层次的高度分析和思考。从20世纪90年代开始在翻译研究中占主要地位的语篇分析法侧重于描述语言意义的交流和运作方式,无疑为当今的翻译研究方向开辟了新的领域。汉语以意驭形,而英语以形制意。从真正意义上做到形合与意合,即形与神的统一,始终为古今中外之译家所推崇和景仰。然而,在实际翻译过程中,考虑到源语与目的语之间存在着文化差异,仅从语篇这个孤立的语言学角度企图构架翻译理论是不够的,亦应当站在不同文化背景的更高视角来完善现代翻译理论,实现宏观和微观的统一,故本文试图从语篇和文化两个方面阐述其对翻译理论和实践运作的指导意义和方法。 本文从介绍近代翻译理论及语篇研究理论入手,在回顾已取得的有关语篇翻译研究成果的基础上,展望今后的语篇及文化等效翻译的方向。根据翻译研究所遇到的几个难题探讨语篇翻译和文化等效翻译所亟待解决的课题,并从语境、话题、和连贯三个角度分析语篇分析在翻译研究中的具体运用。另外,考虑到文化也是译者翻译研究过程中不可欠缺的关键因素,文章从等效翻译的角度,以理论兼实例的方式作了论述和总结,以期对翻译学习者和翻译工作者有所助益。

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