中文幽默祝福类短信中的语用预设研究

摘要

预设，即“前提”或“先设”，它一直是哲学家和语言学家关注的一个重要课题。预设可分为语义预设和语用预设，语义预设研究的是两个语义命题之间的真值关系，而语用预设是那些和语境相关的与说话人信念，态度意图有关的前提关系。语用预设通常被认为是交际双方所共有的知识，因此，预设最重要的特点就共知性，然而当言语内容与背景知识或常识相悖时，原有的前提就会自动消失，这就是预设的可撤销性。除此之外，语用预设还有隐蔽性和主观性等特点。这些独特的特点使得短信语言更生动，更有趣，也更吸引人。
　　 本文拟从语用预设这一角度出发，通过定性和定量的方式分析中文幽默祝福类短信的预设特点，以及所产生的交际效果。根据预设特征以及以往的研究，本文将中文幽默祝福类短信语用预设分为:1.存在预设;2.状态预设;3.文化预设;4.虚假预设;5.隐喻和明喻预设;6.双关预设，并统计它们在所收集短信中的频率。本研究发现存在预设的频率最高，其次是文化预设，隐喻和明喻预设以及虚假预设比例占第三且数量相当，紧接着是状态预设，双关预设运用最少。语用预设是短信交流中有效的策略之一，本文还发现在传递祝福中起着积极的作用，它具有经济功能，幽默功能，创新功能，信息功能和情感功能。最后，希望通过本文的研究，能够从不同的角度来理解短信文化现象，也能为自编自创更好的幽默祝福类短信提供一些借鉴。

目录

Abstract

摘要

Contents

Chapter 1 Introduction

1．1 Background Information

1．2 Aim and Significance of the Study

1．3 Data Collection and Methodology

1．4 Outline of the Thesis

Chapter 2 Literature Review

2．1 Previous Studies on Chinese Cell Phone Messages

2．1．1 Rhetorical Perspective

2．1．2 Cultural Perspective

2．1．3 Pragmatic Perspective

2．1．4 Cognitive or Psychological Perspective

2．2 Limitation of Previous Studies

2．3 Studies on Presupposition

2．3．1 The Related Research Abroad

2．3．2 The Related Research at Home

Chapter 3 Theoretical Framework

3．1 Semantic Presupposition

3．2 Pragmatic Presupposition

3．2．1 Definitions of Pragmatic Presupposition

3．2．2 Properties of Pragmatic Presupposition

3．3 Classifications of Pragmatic Presupposition

3．3．1 Existential Presupposition

3．3．2 State Presupposition

3．3．3 Cultural Presupposition

3．3．4 Fictitious Presupposition

3．3．5 Metaphor Presupposition

3．3．6 Pun Presupposition

Chapter 4 An Analysis of Pragmatic Presupposition in Chinese Cell Phone Messages of Humorous Good Wishes

4．1 A Brief Introduction to the Features of Chinese Cell Phone Messages of Humorous Good Wishes

4．1．1 Phonological Features

4．1．2 Lexical Features

4．1．3 Syntactic Features

4．1．4 Rhetoric Features

4．2 Properties of Pragmatic Presupposition in Chinese Cell Phone Messages of Humorous Good Wishes

4．2．1 Mutual Knowledge in Chinese Cell Phone Messages of Humorous Good Wishes

4．2．2 Felicity in Chinese Cell Phone Messages of Humorous Good Wishes

4．2．3 Subjectivity in Chinese Cell Phone Messages of Humorous Good Wishes

4．2．4 Latency in Chinese Cell Phone Messages of Humorous Good Wishes

4．2．5 Defeasibility in Chinese Cell Phone Messages of Humorous Good Wishes

4．3 Classifications of Pragmatic Presupposition in Chinese Cell Phone Messages of Humorous Good Wishes

4．3．1 Existential Presupposition

4．3．2 State Presupposition

4．3．3 Cultural Presupposition

4．3．4 Simile and Metaphor Presupposition

4．3．5 Fictitious Presupposition

4．3．6 Pun Presupposition

Chapter 5 Functions of Pragmatic Presupposition in Chinese Cell Phone Messages of Humorous Good Wishes

5．1 Economical Function

5．2 Humorous Function

5．3 Creative Function

5．4 Informative Function

5．5 Emotional Function

Chapter 6 Conclusion

6．1 Major Findings

6．2 Implications

6．3 Limitations and Suggestions

Bibliography

Appendix

Acknowledgements

声明