文摘
英文文摘
大连海事大学学位论文原创性声明和使用授权说明
Chapter 1 Introduction
1.1 Rationale and Hypothesis
1.2 Background and Purpose
1.3 General Organization
Chapter 2 Literature Review
2.1 Communicative Language Testing
2.1.1 Characteristics of Communicative Testing
2.1.2 The Development of Communicative Tests
2.1.3 Theories and Researches on Backwash
2.2 Listening Comprehension
2.2.1 The Active Nature of Listening Comprehension
2.2.2 Characteristics of Communicative Listening Test
2.2.3 The Choice of Listening Materials
2.3 Response Type
2.3.1 Taxonomy of Response Types
2.3.2 Significance of Response Type in Language Testing
2.3.3 Response Type in Language Teaching and Learning
2.4 Comparative Studies on Response Type
2.4.1 Strengths and Weakness of Multiple Choice Questions
2.4.2 Strengths and Weakness of Constructed Response Questions
2.4.3 Ideologies' Underlying the Two Response Types
2.5 Fundamentals of Testing
2.5.1 Reliability, Validity and Practicality.
2.5.2 Testing Criteria
2.5.3 Types of Validity
Chapter 3 Rationale of the Tools for the Current Study
3.1 Listening Comprehension in Major Tests
3.1.1 TOFEL and Its Listening Comprehension Section
3.1.2 CET and Its Listening Comprehension Section
3.1.3 IELTS and Its Listening Comprehension Section
3.2 Related Research on Cloze Test
3.2.1 The Advantage of Cloze Test
3.2.2 Validity Research on Cloze Test
3.3 Integrated Course Testing
Chapter 4 Research Method
4.1 Research Focus
4.2 Subjects
4.3 Instruments
4.4 Data Collection
4.5 Limitations
Chapter 5 Results and Discussion
5.1 Description of the Test Results
5.2 Discussion
5.3 The Comparison Between the Top 30 MC and CR Scores
5.4 Results of the Questionnaires
5.5 Test Paper Analysis and Interview
5.5.1 Analysis of the Four Top-Score Papers
5.5.2 Causes for the Individual Score Differences
5.4.3 Interview with Subject B
5.4.4 Interview with Subject C
5.4.5 Analysis of the Answers by Guessing
5.5 Summary
Chapter 6 Conclusion
6.1 Findings from the Empirical Research
6.2 Implications for English Testing
6.3 Issues for Further Exploration
References
Appendix
Publication
Acknowledgements
Resume
