英语口语主语位置和句法复杂度关系的研究

摘要

句子是句法研究的关键单位。在计量语言学中，有多种方法研究句子成分内部之间的关系，如长度、复杂度、位置和频率等等。句子的主语同样是句子的重要成分。主语常作为未标记的主题，是信息的展开点。本文基于语料库，采用定量和定性的方法，旨在研究国际英语语料库英国分库口语部分的主语位置和句子句法复杂度之间的关系。
　　研究结果显示，在此语料库口语部分中，充当句法功能层面上的短语充当了43种不同的句法功能。而这其中十种最高频的句法功能短语占总数的91.61％。句子的句法复杂度范围是1到126。句子的数量随着句法复杂度的增加而增加到一个最高点，而后开始递减。句子结构种类也随着句子复杂度的增加而增加至某一顶点，随后开始递减。在所研究的语料库中，各句子的主语出现在句中43种不同的位置上，绝大部分都出现在句子首位。句子的主语可看作是句子复杂度的指标，主语位置越靠后，句子的复杂度越高。

目录

声明

摘要

ABSTRACT

List of Abbreviations

List of Tables and Figures

Contents

Chapter 1 Introduction

1．1 Research Background

1．2 Research Questions

1．3 Significance of the Research

1．4 Layout of the Thesis

Chapter 2 Literature Review

2．1 Quantitative Linguistics

2．1．1 Definition

2．1．2 Comparison with Corpus Linguistics and Computational Linguistics

2．1．3 Several Distinguished Laws

2．1．4 Syntactical Quantitative Studies and Research Method

2．2 Differences Between Spoken and Written Language

2．2．1 Differences in Form

2．2．2 Differences in Vocabulary

2．2．3 Differences in Syntax

2．3 Syntactic Functions of Phrases

2．3．1 Definition of Syntactic Functions

2．3．2 Quirk’s View on Subject

2．4 Other Relevant Studies

2．4．1 Studies on Length and Complexity

2．4．2 Studies on Subjectival Position

Chapter 3 Methodology

3．1 Corpus-based Study

3．2 Corpus Used in the Study

3．2．1 Introduction to ICE-GB

3．2．2 Introduction to ICE-GBS

3．3 Tools for Data Processing

3．4 Procedure for Data Collection

Chapter 4 Results and Discussion

4．1 Syntactic Structures and Complexity in ICE-GBS

4．1．1 Number and Distribution of Variations

4．1．2 Distribution of Syntactic Complexity

4．1．3 Relationship Between Complexity and Frequency of Sentences

4．1．4 Relationship Between Complexity and Structural Variations

4．1．5 Comparison Between Results of ICE-GBS and ICE-GBW

4．2 Subjectival Positions and the Distribution

4．2．1 Number of Subjectival Positions and Distribution

4．2．2 Relationship Between Subjectival Position and Structural Variations

4．2．3 Comparison Between Results of ICE-GBS and ICE-GBW

4．3 Complexity on Different Subjeetival Positions and the Relationship

4．3．1 Distribution of PSFEs with Different Subjectival Positions

4．3．2 Distribution of Complexity with Subjectival Position

4．3．3 Relationship Between Syntactic Complexity and Subjeetival Position

4．4．4 Comparison Between Results of ICE-GBS and ICE-GBW

Chapter 5 Conclusion

5．1 Major Findings of the Study

5．2 Implications

5．3 Limitations and Suggestions for Further Research

References

Appendix

Acknowledgements

Resume