论文说明
声明
Table of Contents
摘要
ABSTRACT
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
1.CHAPTER Ⅰ INTRODUCTION
1.1.Biological pest management
1.2.Biological control development approaches
1.2.1.Classical biological control
1.2.2.Augmentative biological control
1.2.3.Integrated pest management (IPM)
1.3.Contribution and development of pesticides
1.3.1.Chlorantraniliprole
1.3.2.Sulfoxaflor
1.4.Insecticide adverse effects on non-target arthropods
1.5.Risk assessment advancement of chlorantraniliprole and sulfoxaflor
1.6.Importance of coccinellid predator H.axyridis
1.7.Insecticide risk assessment approaches
1.7.1.Acute toxicity assessment
1.7.2.Chronic insecticide toxicity assessment
1.7.3.Biochemical induction assessment
1.7.4.Transcriptome-based toxicity assessment
1.8.Objectives of this research
2.CHAPTER Ⅱ MATERIALS AND METHODS
2.1.Insect culture development
2.2.Insecticide and acute toxicity bioassays
2.3.Sublethal toxicity bioassays
2.4.Sublethal toxicity on body weight of H.axyridis
2.5.Biochemical induction bioassays
2.5.1.Exposure to sulfoxaflor
2.5.2.Glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity
2.5.3.Cytochrome P450 activity
2.5.4.Carboxylesterases (CarEs) activity
2.6.1.Exposure to sulfoxaflor
2.6.2.RNA extraction,quantification,and qualification
2.6.3.Library preparation for Transcriptome sequencing
2.6.4.Transcriptomic data Analysis
2.6.5.Differential expression of genes analysis
2.6.6.Validation of transcriptome analysis by Quantitative Real-Time PCR(qRT-PCR)
2.7.Statistical analysis
3.CHAPTER Ⅲ RESULTS
3.2.Sublethal effects of insecticides on H.axyridis
3.2.1.Sublethal effects of chlorantraniliprole on H.axyridis
3.2.2.Sublethal effeets of sulfoxaflor on H.axyridis
3.2.3.Sublethal effects on pre-adult and adult body weight
3.2.4.Sublethal effects of sulfoxaflor on population growth parameters
3.2.5.Sublethal effects on survival rate,fecundity,reproduction value and life expectancy
3.2.6.Effects of sulfoxaflor on detoxification enzymes activities
3.3.Identification of genes involved in the detoxification process of sulfoxaflor in H.axyridis
3.3.1.Determination of sulfoxaflor sublethal concentration
3.3.2.Illumina sequencing and transcriptome analysis
3.3.3.Differentially genes expression under sulfoxaflor stress
3.3.4.Validation of unigenes using qRT-PCR
4.CHAPTER Ⅳ DISCUSSION
4.1.Short term insecticides toxicity
4.2.Long-term effects of insecticides on H.axyridis
4.2.1.Sublethal effects of chlorantraniliprole on H.axyridis
4.2.2.Sublethal effects of sulfoxaflor on life table parameters H.axyridis
4.2.3.Sulfoxaflor effects on body weight of H.axyridis
4.2.4.Effect of sulfoxaflor on detoxification-related enzymes
4.3.Identification of sulfoxaflor detoxification-related genes
5.CHAPTER Ⅴ CONCLUSION AND FUTURE PERSPECTIVES
REFERENCES
PUBLICATIONS
APPENDICES
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS