康拉德在《黑暗之心》中的殖民主义表现——从新历史主义的角度解读康拉德

摘要

殖民主义从来就不是单纯地经济剥削与掠夺，它是在种族和文化的优越感与文化霸权的掩盖下出现的一种侵略剥削模式.殖民主义在欧洲国内被合法化为“教化野蛮人”.在《黑暗之心》这部小说中，康拉德在试图抨击殖民主义者的罪行时，无时无刻不显示出殖民主义者的种族和文化优越感，暴露了一个殖民者的心态.在康拉德的笔下，非洲黑人被扭曲为没有历史、没有文明、没有人性、也没有民族自尊的、原始的、野蛮的“食人生番”，从而无意中迎合了殖民主义意识形态的需要，也使康拉德成为其他殖民主义者的帮凶. 文章共分6章. 第一章介绍对《黑暗之心》几种比较盛行的评论.（一）这部小说被评价为精神分析的经典之作.（二）它被评价为从文明的束缚到死亡冲动的认识之旅.（三）它被女权主义者评价为歧视女性.（四）它被认为是一部种族主义作品.（五）它被认为是反殖民主义的小说.第二章介绍殖民主义的文化基础和新历史主义文化批评理论.（一）殖民主义的文化基础.殖民主义不是简简单单的经济剥削,它建立在一定的殖民主义文化意识形态之上.在欧洲,殖民主义被美化为

目录

文摘

英文文摘

Acknowledgement

Chapter One Prevailing Views about Heart of Darkness

1.1 The novel is read as a psychological masterpiece

1.2 The novel is read as a journey from civilized inhibition into knowledge of the death wish

1.3 The novel is read by feminists as a narrative aiming at colonizing women

1.4 The novel is read as a work of racism

1.5 The novel is read as a work of anti-colonialism

Chapter Two Cultural Foundation of Colonialism and New Historical Criticism

2.1 Cultural foundation of colonialism

2.2 New Historical Criticism

Chapter Three Brief Introduction

3.1 Conrad's early life experience

3.2 Conrad's adult Congo journey

Chapter Four Conrad's Colonialism in Heart of Darkness

4.1 The image of black Africans being distorted by Conrad

4.2 Africans and their continent being blamed to be responsible for white men's degeneration

4.3 Conrad's attitude about the ideas of civilizing mission

4.4 The colonialism of Conrad in Heart of Darkness

Chapter Five Cultural Background for Conrad's Colonialism

Chapter Six Conclusion

Bibliography