城市地铁建设中地下巷道定向测量方法研究

摘要

Based on the many years of experience of large megacities, the exploitation of underground modes of transport for over two centuries proves that the best type of modem urban transport is the tmderground.
　　This work is aimed at solving the problems of surveying services in the construction of tunnels of the city subway, in particular, the orientation of an underground geodesic base via method of triangle connection in construction of city subway with counter-heading connections, on the example of the construction of a deep underground subway in the city of Kazan, Russia.The main goal of the master's thesis is the calculation of the definition of the preliminary error and the error of closing the tunnels in the plan (along the axis) X, the preliminary calculation of the expected error of the cross slit in height Z (along the Z-axis) when orienting the underground workings via method of triangle connection, as well as the determination of the actual error of the closing of counter-heading connections after knocking them down by closing shots in a horizontal plane and comparison of the obtained results with the limit calculated according to preliminary calculations.
　　The scientific novelty of the work is an effective technique for orienting underground geodetic networks in the construction of tunnels of a deep underground by counter-heading connections via method of triangle connection and a technique for efficient processing of measurement results with the possibility of an objective evaluation of the accuracy of the results.
　　An increasing amount of information on the processes of mining production, the interrelationships and conditionality of their development is impossible without the use of cybemetics, system theories, economic-mathematical methods, computer technology, information-computing and automated systems.
　　The system (complex) approach to the solution of problems of mine surveying and the use of precise quantitative methods and computer technology in the production of surveying work are the main components of the automation of surveying support of mining operations and create qualitatively new conditions for its implementation.Automation in mine surveying is not only an instrument of self-improvement, but also raises the entire production to a higher level.
　　One of the most important directions in the development of the mine surveying system for production activities is the creation of a technical base that would make full use of the possibilities of electronic optical and computer technology, economic and mathematical methods, information technology to increase the efficiency of metering and control over mining operations and the validity of decisions taken.
　　Another direction of the mine surveying system is the creation of mine surveying information support as an object of interpretation based on a data package that ensures the elimination of unnecessary duplication, cost reduction and the integrated use of once-collected data.

目录

声明

Abstract

Contents

Introduction

1．BASIC INFORMATION

1．2 The main provisions of the theory of orientation of underground workings

1．3 Methods of tunnel construction and precision requirements

1．4 Basic concepts of orientation via method of triangle connection

1．5 Basic concepts of cross slit of counter workings．Breakdown of underground workings

1．6 Engineering and geological surveys for the construction of tunnels

1．7 Requirements for the performance of work

2．ORIENTING OF AN UNDERGROUND GEODESIC BASE VIA THE METHOD OF TRIANGLE CONNCTlON

2．1 Basics of the orientation the method of connecting triangles

2．2 Monitoring of measurement results

2．3 Equalizing the connecting triangles

2．4 Calculation of the direction angle of the line，orientation of underground polygonometry

2．5 Calculation of the mean square error of orientation

2．6 Evaluation and analysis of the performed calculations

3．JUSTIFICATION OF CROSS SLIT SCHEME AND DEFDINING ACCEPTABLE DISCREPANCIES OF FACES DURING THE CONSTRUCTION OF SUBWAY TUNNELS

3．1 General provisions

3．2 Analysis of the sources of errors of the cross-connection of counter-heading connections

3．3．The estimated error of the fault in the plan(along the X axis)

3．4 The height error for the expected height error(Z-axis)

3．5 Evaluation and analysis of the performed calculations

4．ANALYSIS OF THE CONDUCTED WORKS AND THE JUSTIFICATION OF THE APPLIED METHODOLOGY

4．2 Analysis of the application of triangle connection method

4．3 Analysis of the cross connection discrepancy of counter-heading connections when applying the geodetic base orientation via method of triangle connection

Conclusion

Acknowledgement

References