文摘
英文文摘
Acknowledgement
论文说明:LIST OF TABLES、LIST OF FUIGURES、LIST OF ABBREVIATION
CHAPTER 1 LITERATURE REVIEW
1.1.THE ORIGIN CENTER AND SPREAD OF CITRUS
1.2.THE DISTRIBUTION AND PREvious RESEARCHES OF CTV
1.3.THE HOST RANGE OF CTV
1.4.SYMPTOMS INDUCED BY CTV
1.4.1 Quick decline or tristeza disease
1.4.2 Seedling yellows disease
1.4.3 Stem-pitting disease
1.5.THE TRANSMISSION APPROACH AND EPIDEMIoLOGY OF CTV
1.6.CONTROL STRATEGIES FOR CTV
1.7.CTV STRUCTURE,GENOME ORGANIZATION AND EXPRESSION
1.8.DIAGNOSIS OF CTV
1.8.1 ldentification by Indicator Plants
1.8.2 Inclusion Identification by Electron Microscopy
1.8.3 Serological Identification
1.8.4 Polypeptide Mapping Analysis of Capsid Protein
1.8.5 Western Blot
1.8.6 dsRNA Electrophoresis Analysis
1.8.7 Northern Blot
1.8.8 RT-PCR Based Assays
1.8.9 RFLP Analysis
1.8.10 Single Strand Conformation Polymorphism(SSCP)Analysis
1.8.11 Sequence Analyrsis
CHAPTER 2 IDENTIFICATION AND DISEASE INCIDENCE oF CTV ISOLATES CoLLECTED FROM PAKISTAN
2.1 INTRODUCTION
2.2 MIATEIUAL AND METHOD
2.2.1 Plant samples
2.2.2 Direct tissue blot immuno assay(DTBIA)
2.2.3 Nucleic acid extraction methods
2.2.4 Nucleic acid amplification by RT-PCR
2.3 RESULTS
2.3.1 Direct tissue blot immuno-assay
2.3.2 Synthesis of p25 by RT-PCR
2.3.3 Synthesis of cDNA of p18
2.3.4 Synthesis of cDNA of p23
2.3.5 DISCUSIoN
2.4.DISCUSIoN
CHAPTER 3 VARIABILITY AND SEQUENCE DIVERSITY OF CITRUS TRISTEZA VIRUS ISOLATES FROM PAKISTAN
3.1 INTRoDUCTlON
3.2 MATERIAL AND METHODS
3.2.1 CTV isolates
3.2.2 cDNA synthesis and PCR amplification of p25,p20 and p18
3.2.3 Cloning of PCR products
3.2.4 Nucleotide sequence and phylogenetic analysis
3.2.5 Nucleotide sequence accession numbers
3.3 RESULTS
3.3.1 Cloning and sequencing of the CTV isolates
3.3.2 Sequence identity analysis
3.3.3 Phylogenetic relationships between the isolates
3.3.4 Alignment of deduced amino acid sequences analysis
3.4 DlSCUSION
CHAPTER 4 CTV ISoLATES GROUP COMPOSITIoN ANALYSIS
4.1 INTRODUCTION
4.2 MATERIAL AND METHODS
4.2.1 Nucleic acid extraction
4.2.2 Nucleic acid amplification by RT-PCR
4.2.3 RFLP ananlysis of p25
4.2.4 SSSCP analysis of p25
4.3 RESULTS
4.3.1 Synthesis of p25 by RT-PCR
4.3.2 RFLP profiles of the CP gene from different CTV isolates
4.3.3 SSCP patterns of p25 of different CTV Isolates
4.4 DISCUSIoN
CHAPTER 5 CHARACTERIZATION OF CTV ISOLATES BY BIOLOGICAL INDEXING.66
5.1 INTRoDUCTION
5.2 MATERIAL AND METHODS
5.2.1 Virus isolates
5.2.2 Evaluation of tristeza symptomatology
5.2.3 Biological indexing
5.3 RESULTS
5.3.1 Conformation through DTBIA
5.3.2 Biological indexing
5.4 DlSCUSION
CHAPTER 6 PRELIMINARY IDENTIFICATION OF CITRUS VIROIDS INPUNJAB,PAKISTAN.
6.1 INTRODUCTlON
6.2 MATEIUAL AND METHoDS
6.2.1 Collection of samples
6.2.2 Nucleic acid extraction
6.2.3 Nucleic acid amplification by RT-PCR
6.2.4 Evaluation of symptoms
6.2.5 Cloning and sequencing
6.3 RESULTS
6.3.1 Biological indexing
6.3.2 One-step RT-PCR assay for detection and charcterization of citrus viroids
6.3.3 One-step RT-PCR assay for simultnneoous detcction of citrus viroids
6.3.4 sequencing and blast analysis
6.4 DISCUSSION
CHAPTER7 MAIN CoNCLUSION AND FUTUTRE RESEARCHES
7.1 MAJOR CONCLUSION
7.1.1 Collection of samples and conformation Of CTV
7.2 GROUP COMPOSITION ANALYSIS
7.2.1 RFLP analysis
7.3 GENETIC SEQUENCE ANALYSIS
7.3.1 Sequence identify analysis
7.3.2 Phylogenetic analysh
7.3.3 Alignment of deduced amino acid sequences analysis
7.4 BIOLOGICAL INDEXING
7.5 THE INNOVATION OF THIS STUDY
7.6 THIS STUDY CONFIRMS
7.7 RECoMMENDED FURTHER RESEARCH
REFERENCES
List of publication(relevant to this work)
APPENDIX
