声明
摘要
ABSTRACT
TABLE OF CONTENTS
LIST OF TABLES
LIST OF FIGURES
PREFACE OF THESIS
DEDICATION
ABBREVIATION
CHAPTER ONE：INTRODUCTION
1．1 Background of the study
1．2 An overview of Tanzania and agricultural sector
1．2．1 Tanzania in brief
1．2．2 Overview of Tanzania’s agricultural sector
1．3 Problem statement and study justifications
1．4 Research objectives
1．5 Research hypothesis
1．6 Research questions
1．7 Definition of terms
1．7．1 Smallholder farmers
1．7．2 Market and marketing
1．7．3 Market participation
1．7．4 Agricultural policy
1．8 Study theoretical and conceptual framework
1．9 Scope and limitation of the study
1．10 Thesis organization
CHAPTER TWO：REVIEW OF RELEVANT LITERATURES
2．1 The role of smallholder farmers
2．2 Smallholder food crop production
2．3 Input use in food crop production
2．4 Market and marketing of agricultural products
2．5 Rice production and marketing in Tanzania
2．6 Importance of smallholder farmers’ participation in markets
2．7 Factors affecting smallholder farmers’ participation in markets
2．7．1 Access to financial services
2．7．2 Access to input and output markets
2．7．3 Poor marketing infrastructure
2．7．4 Land tenure，access rights and land ownership
2．7．5 Policy-related and institutional
2．8 Strategies to improve agricultural marketing system
CHAPTER THREE：AN OVERVIEW OF RICE SECTOR IN TANZANIA
3．1 Rice production
3．2 Rice consumption
3．3 Rice market and marketing
3．4 The rice value chain
3．5 Rice sector improvement strategy
CHAPTER FOUR：RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
4．1 Study area and producer selection
4．2 Data sources and collection
4．3 Econometric model estimation
4．3．1 Probit model estimation procedure
4．3．2 Weighted Least Squares (WLS) estimation procedure
4．3．3 Tobit model estimation procedure
4．4 Description independent variables used in the Econometric Models
4．4．1 Demographic characteristics
4．4．2 Transaction costs
4．4．3 Physical capital
4．4．4 Financial capital
4．5 Data analysis
4．5．1 Descriptive analysis
4．5．2 Econometric analysis
CHAPTER FIVE：RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
5．1 Socio-demographic characteristics of households
5．1．1 Gender of household heads
5．1．2 Age of household heads
5．1．3 Education levels of household heads
5．1．4 Household heads’ marital status
5．1．5 Household size
5．1．6 Household dependence ratio
5．2 Characteristics smallholder rice farmers
5．2．1 House hold land ownership
5．2．2 Input use for rice production
5．2．3 Rice production and sales
5．2．4 Livestock ownership
5．2．5 Smallholder farmers’ nonfarm income
5．3 Results of econometric analysis
5．3．1 Determinants of inputs use in rice production
5．3．2 Factors influencing smallholder rice farmers’ volume of sales
5．3．3 Determinants ofsmallholder rice farmers’ market participation
CHAPTER SIX：CONCLUSIONS AND RECCOMMENDATIONS
6．1 Conclusions
6．1．1 Socio-demographic characteristics of Households
6．1．2 Characteristics Smallholder rice farmers
6．1．3 Socio-economic determinants of smallholder rice producers’inputs use
6．1．4 Factors influencing smallholder rice farmers’ volume of sales
6．1．5 Determinants of smallholder rice producers’ market participation
6．2 Recommendations
6．2．1 Improvement of input use in paddy (rice) production
6．2．2 Improvement rice production
6．2．3 Improvement of rural road infrastructures
6．2．4 Improvement of paddy (rice) processing or value addition and marketing
6．2．5 Improvement of household income
6．2．6 Agricultural marketing and trade policies
6．3 Further Research
References
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
AUTHOR’S RESUME
Appendixes
