Environmental surveillance and information system

摘要

A modern Environmental Surveillance and Information System (ENSIS) has been developed within the Eureka framework. The system was demonstrated and in operation during the Winter Olympic Games in Lillehammer 1994. The establisment of a new generation of surveillance systems is based on the combination of advanced sensor technology with modern information technology. Data collected by monitors for meteorology, air and water quality, traffic etc. is automatically transferred to a central data base for quality control, statistical evaluation and prepared for input to dispersion models. The measurements and model results are presented by means of a user friendly interface included GIS based presentations. The ENSIS system contains a flexible emission module and dispersion models for different scales and sources; traffic in street canyons and along roads, industrial emissions and gridded urban area source emissions. The models were linked to the measurements of meteorology and air quality. All model results and measurements were displayed on the ArcInfo/Arc View based GIS system every hour. Several Norwegian local authorities in major cities in Norway are establishing the ENSIS system. The ENSIS concept is also used in the modification and modernization of the national surveillance system for Norway. This system, containing user friendly map oriented presentation of emission data and model results, is an effective planning tool for evaluation of different measures to reduce air pollution.