Metallic and Semiconducting Nanowires from Single Wall Carbon Nanotubes

摘要

The focus of today's research has largely shifted from macro scale to micro scale and further to nano scale. The reason being the desire to realize quantum size effects in devices that has long eluded scientists around the world alike. With the discovery of nanoparticles, nanowires, and nanotubes, the ability to realize these effects practically into devices has increased manifold. Integration of carbon nanotubes with different types of functional materials may become mandatory in the future for electronics and sensing applications and in this sense, nucleation, growth and evolution of the structure of metallic and semiconducting materials on carbon nanotubes may be necessary. Further, it also provides opportunities to do fundamental research on understanding the structure-property relationships of these nanowires using carbon nanotubes. In this paper, we present a technique to form metallic and semiconducting nanowires using carbon nanotubes themselves as templates. Nanowires of silver and platinum have been fabricated by the electric field assisted deposition of nano particles of these metals on single walled carbon nanotubes. SEM and TEM investigations have shown the dimensions of the nanowires to be dependent only on the size of the nanoparticles, 10 - 100 nm in our case. The silver nanowires exhibited linear current - voltage characteristics whereas the platinum nanowires exhibited non-linear characteristics beyond a certain bias. This technique provides a high degree of selectivity by manipulating the charges on the surface of the nanotubes, which enables the deposition of metals only on the nanotubes and not anywhere else. The versatility of this technique allows for the fabrication of different types of metallic and semiconducting nanowires at the same dimensions as carbon nanotubes.