Model-based mutation testing uses altered models to generate test cases that are able to detect whether a certain fault has been implemented in the system under test. For this purpose, we need to check for conformance between the original and the mutated model. We have developed an approach for conformance checking of action systems using constraints. Action systems are well-suited to specify reactive systems and may involve non-determinism. Expressing their semantics as constraints for the purpose of conformance checking is not totally straight forward. This paper presents some pitfalls that hinder the way to a sound encoding of semantics into constraint satisfaction problems and gives solutions for each problem.
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