Multi-octave mixers and hybrid couplers for wide band monopulsedirection finding receivers

摘要

Reviews the development of these components which subsequentlynwent into production. In order to appreciate the role of thesencomponents it may be appropriate to describe briefly the three basicnprinciples which are applied to D/F receivers. These are: amplitudencomparison; phase comparison (by interferometry); and phase/amplitudencomparison using a two channel receiver and a single multimode spiralnantenna. The features of interest in these receivers are the beam ornmode forming networks and the down converters. A typical beam formingnnetwork for an amplitude comparison monopulse receiver is given, andncontains four interconnected 180° /3 dB hybrids. This network derivesnthe sum and the two difference signals, i.e. elevation and azimuth, fromnthe four symmetrically arranged antennae squinted off the axis. Thisnprovides a zero boresight system. This arrangement can be used equallynwell for phase comparison. In this case the four antennae face forwardnand lie on the same plane. The network performs a phase to amplitudenconversion and the sum and difference signals are processed in the samenmanner as the amplitude comparison receiver