3W Scaffolding in Curriculum of Database Management and Application - Applying the Human-Centered Computing Systems

摘要

When teachers teach and strive to achieve successful students learning outcomes at our university, most of them have experienced difficulty in communicating with students. It's due to the large number of students, various communication styles of students and the different contextual definition between teachers' and students'. There are only a few students can learn well, early and timely, lots of students learn helplessness or give up halfway under successive frustration instead. So this study tries to use the 3W approach, 'When, Who, What', to investigate how to find who needs what assistance when they need under the scheduled progress, then teachers have chance to design various scaffolding to support various students' clusters. It aims to achieve effective teaching and learning. We use the information technology to collect the learning data of students (textual data), and extract value from these data by the recognition and concepts of them through the human-centered computing system, the result is that clusters of students with different knowledge structures appear. While teachers observe and interpreter the features of various clusters, they can design appropriate and necessary scaffolding for every individual cluster to assist the students learning.