Resonance as a Tool to Transfer Informations to Living Systems

摘要

Studies for the identification of suitable stem cells culture and differentiating con-ditions that are devoid of xenogenic growth supplements is actually considered an important issue for the clinical applicability of cell therapy for heart failure and bone remodeling, growth and repair. About the first one we have recently demonstrated the possibility to obtain Cardiac Stem Cells (CSCs), from human endomyocardial biopsy specimens. CSCs self-assemble into multicellular clusters known as cardiospheres (CSps) that engraft and partially regenerate infarcted myocardium. CSps and Cardiospheres-derived-Cells CDCs were exposed for five days in an incubator inside a solenoid system with temperature and humidity and CO2 regulated. This exposure system were placed in an amagnetic shielded room in the simultaneous presence of a static MF and a low-alternating-frequency-MF, close to the cyclotron frequency corresponding to the charge/mass ratio of Ca++ ion. In this exposure conditions CSps and CDCs modulate their differentiation turning on cardiogenesis and turning off vasculogenesis. Cardiac markers such as Troponin I (TnI) or Myosin Heavy Chain (MHC) were up-regulated, conversely angiogenic markers such as Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) or Kinase Domain Receptor (KDR) were down-rugulated as evidenced by immunocytochemistry. The improvement in the cardiogenic differentiation was confirmed by Real-Time PCR and Western Blotting. Interestingly, an increase in the proliferation (particularly of the CDCs) was observed and evidenced by Brd-U incorporation (ELISA) and cell counting kit-8 (WST-8) analysis. Exposure to Calcium ion ICR can modulates the cardiogenic versus angiogenic differentiation process of ex vivo expanded CSCs.This may pave the way for novel approaches in tissue engi-neering and cell therapy. Concerning bone remodelling our study shows that exposure of human MSC to ELF-MF enhanced expression of osteoblast marker differentiation such as Alkaline phosphatase, (AP), Osteocalcin (OCL), and osteopontin (OPN), analyzed by real-time quantitative PCR, without affecting cell proliferation. As expected, while the markers differentiation factors where up regulated, elec-tromagnetic field down regulate osteoprotegerin (OPG) gene expression, a critical regulator of postnatal skeletal development and homeostasis in humans as well as mice. The exposure of hMSC for 5 days to the field resulted in a change in shape and in plasma membrane morphology and this modification were also accompanied by a rearrangement in actin filaments, as showed by confocal miscroscopy analysis after cells labelling with FITC-phalloidin.