AEROSPACE WETLAND MONITORING BY HYPERSPECTRAL IMAGING SENSORS: A CASE STUDY IN THE COASTAL ZONE OF SAN ROSSORE NATURAL PARK

摘要

Since 1997 many areas inside the San Rossore Natural Park have been utilized as test sites during various remote sensing campaigns, which were mainly aimed to coastal zone monitoring. The Park (Pisa, Italy) is limited by the sea Tyrrhenian sea at the western boundary and the area is principally covered by pine-forest (Pinus Pinaster Ait. And Pinus Pinea L.). The Park is also limited by the Arno river mouth at the southern side and is covered the wet area of Lame di Fuori, which is a system of ponds and dunes affected by the sediment deposition occurring at the river estuary. The considerable amount of data collected so far has led us to analyse how the wetland spreading and land coverage may changes with time as well as to retrieve bio-physical parameters, like green biomass, from Vegetation Indexes, and temperature and emissivity maps of natural surfaces. This analysis has outlined that the coastal wetlands, which are characterised by shallow waters, moor and dunes, need dedicated sensors that are able to provide high spatial and spectral resolution data. A particular effort has been devoted to sensor response calibration and data validation due to the complex heterogeneity of the observed natural surfaces. Preliminary outcomes are introduced and discussed with particular reference to the analysis of data gathered during remote sensing campaigns by airborne and spaceborne hyperspectral sensors.