Design and experiment of 2BFD-4 type peanut membrane planter

摘要

根据中国北方地区花生垄作覆膜播种的特点,为提高花生播种机工作效率,改善作业质量,研制了2BFD-4型花生覆膜播种机.该播种机突破了一垄两行的播种模式,增加了排种单体和仿形机构,解决了单体运动干涉与仿形问题,实现了宽幅花生播种.对排种器与开沟器结构进行了优化,提高播种和开沟性能.整机结构紧凑,性能可靠,作业效率高,覆膜平整.经田间试验表明:该播种机播种质量较好,空穴率为0.58％,重播率为1.75％,种子破碎率为0.37％,穴粒数合格率为95.03％,种肥垂直间距为41.52 nmn,出苗率为88.33％,各项指标均达到了相关标准,可以适应中国目前北方花生机械化的发展要求.%In order to improve the seeding efficiency and quality of peanut planters,a kind of two ridges and four rows peanut membrane planter was designed based on the ridge tillage and membrane feature of peanut planting in Northern China.It broke the planting pattern that one ridge and double rows,solved profiling and interference problems ofthe two planting units,and finally,realized wide peanut seeding model.The seeding and ditching performance were also improved by optimizing the structure of metering device and opener.The planter has the characteristics of compact conformation,reliable performance,high productivity,and good film-mulching result.The result of field test showed that:the rate of no seed hill is 0.58％; the multiples rate is 1.75％; the damaging rate is 0.37％; and the average value of vertical distance between seed and fertilizer is 41.52 mm,so the sowing quality of the peanut membrane planter is well,and all test indexes reaches the standard criteria.