Scenarios on Estimation of the Ecological Risks of Oil Transport Activity in Russian Far East Offshore Regions

摘要

In this study the authors are looking at the environmental risks of oilrntransport activity in the Russian Federation's Far East offshore regions.rnThe ecological risks which emerge during the functioning of thernpipeline system and oil trans-shipping terminal are presented. Arnmodeling of oil spills spreading are suggested and discussed. Thernestimation of the risks from the ecological accidents to the recreationrnactivity and fishing industry in the Primorye Territory is presented. Thernways of ecological risks reduction and protective measures forrnecosystems including economical sanctions are worked out.