For three years, members of the Computer Science Department at the University of Rochester have used a collection of BBN Butterfly#8482; Parallel Processors to conduct research in parallel systems and applications. For most of that time, Rochester's 128-node machine has had the distinction of being the largest shared-memory multiprocessor in the world. In the course of our work with the Butterfly we have ported three compilers, developed five major and several minor library packages, built two different operating systems, and implemented dozens of applications. Our experience clearly demonstrates the practicality of large-scale shared-memory multiprocessors, with non-uniform memory access times. It also demonstrates that the problems inherent in programming such machines are far from adequately solved. Both locality and Amdahl's law become increasingly important with a very large number of nodes. The availability of multiple programming models is also a concern; truly general-purpose parallel computing will require the development of environments that allow programs written under different models to coexist and interact. Most important, there is a continuing need for high-quality programming tools; widespread acceptance of parallel machines will require the development of programming environments comparable to those available on sequential computers.
三年来,罗切斯特大学计算机科学系的成员使用了BBN Butterfly#8482系列;并行处理器,用于在并行系统和应用程序中进行研究。在大多数时间里,罗切斯特的128节点计算机一直是世界上最大的共享内存多处理器。在与Butterfly一起工作的过程中,我们移植了三个编译器,开发了五个主要和几个次要库程序包,构建了两个不同的操作系统,并实现了数十个应用程序。我们的经验清楚地证明了大型共享内存多处理器的实用性以及不均匀的内存访问时间。它还表明,对此类机器进行编程所固有的问题远未得到充分解决。随着节点数量的增加,局部性和阿姆达尔定律都变得越来越重要。多种编程模型的可用性也是一个问题。真正的通用并行计算将需要开发允许不同模型下编写的程序共存和交互的环境。最重要的是,持续需要高质量的编程工具。并行机的广泛接受将需要开发与顺序计算机上可比的编程环境。 P>
Department of Computer Science, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY;
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