Environmental Aspects of Energy Consumption, CO_2 Emission and Energy Substitution in Iran

摘要

Effort has been made for an overview of energy resources, the energy challenge, and renewable energy progress in Iran and China as a comparison. Where the main energy resource in Iran is fossil fuels by means of oil as a whole. The renewable energy contribution is provided by wind energy as 697MW, geothermal as 100MW and photovoltaic as 30MWh apart from hydroelectric as the most improved new energy by means of 19.7% of electricity production in Iran apart from power plants electricity production as thermal p.p., conventional p.p. and gas p.p. Which has been regarded in this study. In China the main energy resource is coal combustion and the renewable energy contribution is in progress as hydropower rather than solar and wind. But because of the high population and low per capita energy consumption over the world. It needs a great source of energy for substitution. Especially that because of the main resource of coal consumption it provides the greatest CO_2 emission over the world as 66.1%. So it is in second position as CO_2 polluter over the world after the U.S.A. Where Iran is providing natural gas as a challenge to oil and it has a good per capita energy consumption and less CO_2 emission of 6.1% over the world. So that it s progress for renewable energy is of great consideration especially by means of hydro power as 9.41% rather than wind and solar energy as 0.04%. Respectively. This survey has been considered for CO_2 emission and alternative of energy in Iran and China in a comparison leading to the compensation of climate change and their progress in challenging to renewable energy in near future.