Russian and Foreign Experience in Energy Innovations: from RD to Future Technologies

摘要

The article discusses the experience of development and implementation of innovations in the energy sector in the Russian Federation and the advanced countries of the world. The most relevant technologies of the future in the energy sector are highlighted, including: “smart” technologies, new oil production technologies, alternative energy sources. Emphasis is placed on the development of technologies that reduce the harmful effects of energy on the environment, including osmotic stations, LEDs, wireless transmission of electricity, and biofuel. Based on a comparative analysis of foreign and Russian experience in introducing innovative technologies in the energy sector, it is concluded that although Russia is currently behind in terms of speed and volume of introducing future technologies, it nevertheless has a number of developments that can affect a number of sectors of the energy industry. Based on the considered forecasts for the development of energy in Russia and the world, prognostic scenarios for the development of innovative technologies in the Russian Federation are proposed. The most probable scenario for the development of future technologies in the energy sector is substantiated.