LIDAR for remote sensing of contaminations on water and earth surfaces taking place during oil-gas production

摘要

Remote sensing of contaminations on water and earth surfaces (oil spills, films) taking place during oil-gas extraction is an interesting and actual problem. This problem may be solved by using different methods of optical spectroscopy, including: ?Raman scattering; ?light induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS); ?fluorescence spectroscopy. Fluorescence Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR) LIDARs are successfully used for remote sensing of chemical and biological substances at atmosphere. A new laser induced fluorescence (LIF) KA-14 LIDAR system for detecting of oil spills on the sea surface was employed at the National Aviation Academy of Azerbaijan. LIDAR's parameters are as follows: ?laser CFR 200- type QUANTEL, λ = 355 nm, beam ? = 5.35 mm, f = 20 Hz, pulse duration τ = 7 ns, pulse power 60 mJ; ?diameter of Newtonian- type telescope is 200 mm; ?collimator expansion of the laser beam diameter- not less than 3; ?angle range of telescope measurements relative to horizon: from -20 to +20 degree; ?spectral range of measurements: from 380 to 750 nm, number of spectral channels- 32; ?maximum range of measurements- not less than 250 m. This LIDAR is the first performing these kind of research not only on the Azerbaijan beach of Caspian sea, but also on the earth places of Absheron peninsula, where oil-gas production takes place. We hope that the performance of LIDAR will have an International recognition and will make noticeable input on the International Research of Caspian sea surfaces.