A Hierarchical Regression Analysis of Factors Influencing Physical Exercise Activities of University Students

摘要

The stratified random sampling method was used to investigate 600 students in normal schools. Using SPSS25.0 statistical software, through descriptive analysis, independent sample t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation analysis, hierarchical linear regression analysis, and other statistical methods, this paper explored the main factors affecting the physical exercise activities of students in normal schools. The results showed that: (1) The descriptive analysis showed that the physical exercise level of students in normal schools was relatively low, which was mainly shown as short exercise time, low exercise intensity, low exercise frequency, and small exercise amount. Besides, students in normal schools participate in physical exercise in a single form, mainly aerobic exercise, and their exercise intensity and exercise frequency need to be improved. (2) The independent sample t-test showed that there were significant differences in physical exercise level, exercise amount, and exercise intensity in terms of gender, major, and other demographic aspects of students in normal schools (P<0.01). Also, there was a significant difference in exercise time in terms of gender (P<0.01), and exercise intensity and exercise time appeared to be marginally significant in terms of grade (P<0.10). (3) The one-way ANOVA showed that with the improvement of physical exercise level, the scores of each dimension of reasons of students in normal schools participating in physical exercise showed a downward trend, which was especially obvious from zero exercise amount to medium exercise amount (P<0.01). (4) Pearson correlation analysis showed that there was a close relationship among the types of sports, the amount of physical exercise, and the reasons for participation in physical exercise. Enjoyment, physical fitness enhancement, muscle strength enhancement, and recreation were the main factors that affected students in normal schools participating in different sports and physical exercise. (5) The hierarchical regression analysis showed that demographic indicators and reasons for participation in physical exercise could be a significant predictor of the physical exercise level of students in normal schools. Among them, gender (β= — 0.203, P<0.01), enjoyment (β= — 0.346, P<0.01), and physique enhancement (β=—0.130, P<0.05) could play a negative predictive role, while the types of sports (β= 0.239, P<0.01), health promotion (β= 0.142, P<0.01), and recreation (β= 0.112, P<0.05) could play a significant positive predictive role. The research showed that gender, types of sports, and enjoyment were the core factors that affected the physical exercise of students in normal schools. Moreover, health promotion was the key factor affecting college students’ physical exercise, and physical fitness enhancement and recreation were the two important factors that affected physical exercise.