(Invited) Research on the Ship Exhaust Emissions Measurement Techniques in Port Water

摘要

Ship emissions are the main contributor of air pollution in coastal ports. National governments introduced regulations for limiting ship exhaust emissions in port waters and reducing their effect on the environment. The effective measurement approaches of ship emission are the key to implement limitation policies effectively. The mainstream methods of monitoring ship emission are the sniffing method and optical method (i.e. DOAS, LIDAR, and UV-Camera). In this study, the sniffing monitoring instruments were installed on the port and helicopters to measure the air pollutants emitted from navigating ships in port waters. The land-based sniffing monitoring system consists of two parts, which are hardware and visualization platform. The hardware includes four gas monitoring sensors (CO_2, CO, SO_2, and NO_X), Automatic Identification System (AIS), micro metrological station. The hardware part of land-based sniffing system can provide the dynamic data of ships (i.e. ship speed, navigational state, and location), environmental meteorological data (wind speed, wind velocity, pressure, rainfall), and the concenteation of gas pollutants of ships. The system achieves coarse screening of suspected high-emission ships. The monitoring information about ships is visualized on the visualization software platform. Comparing the simulated theoretical concentration of gas pollutants obtained from the CALPUFF atmospheric pollutant diffusion model under the same environmental conditions, the monitoring feasibility and accuracy of the sniffer shore-based automatic monitoring system are verified. We designed and installed the UAV-based gas sensors monitoring system and measurement the ship exhaust emissions in Yantian port. Comparing the standard errors of simulated FSC values and laboratory FSC (Fuel Sulfur Content) values, the system shows high efficiency and reliability in tracking the FSC of ships.