(Invited) Strategic Development of Functional Electrode Materials and Electrolytes for Multivalent Ion Storage

摘要

As the global markets for electric vehicles (EVs) and commercial electricity storage systems (ESS) grow rapidly, the demand for more cost-effective and safe alternative to Li-ion technology (LIB) is ever-increasing. The multivalent ion storage based on Mg, Zn and Al metals offers promising candidates for viable energy storage mechanism, since raw materials of these metals are abundant in the earth-crust, environmentally-benign, and safe to handle with. The major technical challenges for rechargeable batteries using multivalent ion storage include lethargic electrode kinetics associated with multivalent cation diffusion through the intercalation hosts, and the development of functional electrolytes equipped with a high reversibility on metal plating-stripping, and a large electrochemical window. In this work, we present a couple of conversion-based electrode materials for facile multivalent ion storage, showing a large reversible capacity and a long-term cycle stability even in the high-current rate. We also demonstrate a series of new electrolytes for Mg-ion batteries based on conventional Grignard reagents containing ionic liquids with allyl-functional group, which shows a fast reaction kinetics on the negative electrode and a high oxidative stability.