The Characteristics of Spatial-temporal Distribution of Rainstorm and its effect on Agriculture around the Region of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao greater bay in Recent 36 years

摘要

Under the background of global warming, extreme weather phenomena occur frequently, and the number of natural disasters increases slowly. Rainstorm disaster is a common natural disaster, which has a significant impact on nature and society. Based on the daily rainfall data of 13 meteorological observation stations of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area from 1980 to 2015 and the agricultural disaster data from 1992 to 2007, this paper discusses the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area rainstorm in recent 36 years and the distribution of agricultural disasters under the influence of rainstorm by using Kringing method, principal component analysis and M/K detection. The results show that:(1) The area is rich in heavy rainfall. In time, the storm rainfall fluctuates and increases, which has the characteristics of seasonality and periodicity, and the number of rainstorm days decreases with the increase of rainstorm intensity. (2) Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Greater Bay Area storm rainfall has obvious difference in space, showing a trend of increasing year by year from north to south. The rainstorm index is the highest and the lowest is Jiangmen and Zhaoqing respectively.(3) rainstorm is an important factor leading to flood disaster in this area. With the increase of storm rainfall, crops are affected by disasters, and the disaster area shows a downward trend year by year, which indicates that the regional economic level is improved and the ability of disaster prevention and mitigation is also strengthened. In the context of global warming. On the other hand, it can provide scientific basis for disaster prediction to understand the time evolution and spatial distribution of rainstorm in Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao Bay.