This paper presents a method to calculate the dynamic coefficients of seals with arbitrary geometry. To describe the turbulent flow the Navier-Stokes equations are used in conjunction with the k-ε. Turbulence model. These equations are solved by a full 3-dimensional finite-difference procedure instead of the normally used perturbation analysis. The time dependence of the equations is introduced by working with a coordinate system rotating with the precession frequency of the shaft. The results of this theory are compared with coefficients calculated by a perturbation analysis and with experimental results.
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