Epidemiology has evolved as a practical discipine, initially concerned with control of the infections diseases, as many of the latter were conquered in the developed world, and animal enterprises were intensified, complex, frequently non-infectious, diseases increased in significance. A shift towards quantitative analytical procedures became necessary to identify the factors associated with these diseases and to assess the latter's technical and economic impact. Recently, computer technology has facilitated data collection and analysis. In developed countries, there is a need for improved monitoring of disease and productivity, and for identification of indicators of health and productivity. Additionally, the results of such activities need to be transmitted to the producers. Qualitative aspects of food production are also increasing in importance, notably 'clean' food production and animal welfare.
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