THE MECHANISTIC-LOGICAL SCIENCE VS. THE PHENOMENOLOGICAL-SEMIOTIC COGNITION: A FALSE DILEMMA

摘要

Without refusing the conflict between the terms of the dilemma, the thesis is that both positions, the mechanistic-logical of science and the phenomenological-semiotic of cognition, are necessary for a complete foundation of science and technology - including information science and technology since information is the prime matter of rules and laws. The thesis is illustrated by the causal law proposed to solve the causal problem by Einstein. It is formulated with reference to systems, according the senses of scientific law - objective, nomological, nomopragmatic and metanomological -, and codifies the multiplicity of meanings associated to the diversity of phenomena by the Aristotelian causes - efficient, formal, material and final. Regarded as data to mean or contextualize in the framework of the causal law, information is codified by the four genders of causes and may be referred to the organization, structure, interactions, and changes of system. The operative definition of information as unity of measuring to different scales makes possible calculations and computations. Thus, for example, information may refer to perturbations, properties of components, or results at system level, or systems at legal level. This concept of information makes possible to solve problems, to design and evaluate systems, answering questions about quantity and quality of interactions necessary for producing certain changes in systems and types of systems. The causal law provides a complete system of codification for information, and retrieves the search of true knowledge in a relativistic context for information science and technology. Regarded as law of information, the causal law is on the base of any treatment of information to found its science and technology. Additionally, two resources of Cognitive Sciences, a logical-semantic organization (LSO) and a simbolic representation system (SRS) are applied for reading the causal law as a case of synthesis between the two positions.